Reviews the issue of pay equity and recent developments concerning the issue. Summarizes (1) arguments for and against pay equity, (2) court decisions, (3) the position of the current administration, and (4) the pending legislation. Includes a bibliography. (Author/CH)

Contends that organized labor in the United States strongly supported pre-New Deal proposals for state pensions for the elderly. Reviews activities of the highly political state federations and of the campaign for old age pensions in Massachusetts to show that labor, rather than middle class reformers, was responsible for promotion of new public…

This article reviews the International Labour Organisation's standard-setting activities to combat or regulate child labor (fixing of a minimum age for employment or work, establishment of the conditions under which children may work); discusses the means of enforcing standards; and describes the situation in practice. (CT)

The author reviews the passage of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 and interpretations and policies that have been derived from this act. Problems that have arisen from the application of the act are discussed. (CH)

The author, the Procurator-General of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, discusses his country's system of legal education for working persons. Topics include (1) the concept and goals; (2) the system and formats; (3) legal education for workers; (4) legal education for managers; and (5) legal education and the media. (CH)

Reports that nearly 55 million children under age 15 are working in violation of labor standards. Discusses industries in which child labor is common, effects on children's safety and health, and social and economic causes of exploitation. (SK)

Across nations, sheltered workshops for people with disabilities follow several models: therapeutic (protection vs. employee status), intermediate (disabled worker as "quasi-employee"), mixed/dual, and wage employment (protection and labor legislation). Impairment should present no insurmountable obstacle to integration into working life. (SK)

The author describes the Japanese Equal Employment Opportunity Law of 1985 and assesses its impact on economic opportunities for Japanese women. She argues that two aspects of Japan's socioeconomic environment--the lifetime employment system and the labor supply pattern of Japanese women--diminish its likely impact. (Author/CH)

The author focuses on laws governing maximum working hours, explaining how their coverage became restricted to women and children and how organized labor showed renewed interest in universal hour laws during the Depression. She advances three hypotheses to explain how laws that once were protective became restrictive. (CT)

The question of child labor in Africa is complicated by the failures of the educational system, family relations, traditional forms of apprenticeship, proliferation of the informal economic sector, and continuing existence of a rural economy. Hazardous working conditions prevail. (SK)

In the first of three articles in this issue on special protective legislation for women workers, the author explains that the Nordic countries are generally opposed to protection on the basis of sex. Reviewing work environment and equal opportunity legislation, the arguments for and against special protection are presented. (SK)

This General Accounting Office report to two U.S. Senate subcommittees examines: (1) the economic and demographic characteristics of child workers; (2) serious injuries sustained by illegally employed children; and (3) the Labor Department's policy with regard to penalizing employers who illegally employ children. Federal child labor regulations…

A developmental psychologist describes her experience in testifying at Congressional hearings on proposed revisions in child labor legislation. The testimony argued that proposals to increase job opportunities for school-going teenagers are a threat to their development and to the job prospects of unemployed out-of-school youths and adults.…

This fact sheet addresses pay equity, that is, the goal of a fair wage-setting process that eliminates sex and race discrimination. It begins by setting forth the problem through statistics on men's and women's median annual earnings, the occupational categories represented by women workers, and median annual earnings by occupation. A glossary is…

Reviews the origin and evolution of special protection laws in France for employed women, describes those measures that still exist, and explains what employers, unions, and the authorities think of them. Discusses pregnancy, family responsibilities, and technological progress. (CT)