When the COVID-19 pandemic plunged the economy back into recession in early 2020, it laid bare a fragile and profoundly inequitable labor market. The economic expansion that reigned from 2009 through 2019 brought historically low unemployment and inflation but failed to reduce income inequality or arrest the decline in the number of high-quality,…

In 2018, the W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research launched a major research initiative into place-based strategies for local prosperity. Place-based strategies are nothing new. For decades, cities, regions, and states have sought to increase the number of jobs available to residents, expand their tax base, and promote amenities and…

The emerging transition to a low-carbon and sustainable economy holds great promise for economic growth and prosperity, innovation, and job creation. New green technologies and discoveries--coupled with new demand and forward-thinking public policies that advance sustainability and encourage public-private investments--are starting to transform…

Examines the scientific bases for the improvement of the employment situation by vocational training; strategies for developing new employment opportunities; and political conditions governing the effectiveness of employment programs. (Availability: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 5, rue du Commerce, L-2985,…

Expansion of public employment is probably a wise strategy, but it is not above question. Certainly the evidence of its effectiveness is mixed, and it has hardly been subjected to careful analysis. (Author)

A review of proposed employment strategies and priorities of Ray Marshall, Secretary of Labor, with regard to training programs, governmental subsidy programs, apprenticeships, private sector jobs, etc. (WL)

The National Urban Coalition conducted this evaluation to determine the manner in which the provisions of the Emergency Employment Act of 1971 have been carried out, the problems raised by legislative and administrative guidelines, and the difficulties experienced in implementing projects locally. Some major findings were: (1) The Labor Department…

This article introduces the main objectives of special public works program and presents the major findings of evaluations of a number of such programs implemented in developing countries with the assistance of the International Labour Organization in regard to design, organization, training activities, technical aspects, and employment and income…

The conference reported here was held to bring together European manpower experts and United States representatives to discuss European manpower programs and policies developed and expanded as a result of the 1974-1976 recession and recovery, and methods for coordinating manpower and general economic policies. This report contains a list of the…

By embracing education as an economic development tool, policy makers adopt a new economic metaphor--a new way of understanding how the economy works and identifying determinants of development. Development policy has shifted focus, from providing incentives for the accumulation of physical capital to emphasizing investments in human capital. Most…

This third special report of the National Commission for Manpower Policy provides information regarding the ways that European nations were dealing with complex manpower problems similar to the ones faced by the United States during the recession of 1974-1975. Following a brief introductory section, section 2 reviews the methods used by the…

In the past the task of vocational educators has been to prepare people, especially youth, for known employment opportunities, but today we must be concerned about the adequacy of employment opportunities. The vocational system has paid too little attention to self-employed persons who discover and create their own jobs. These entrepreneurs are…

This study demonstrates that the Public Service Employment (PSE) program had a significant net job-creation impact in 1978 and 1979. The difference in the estimates for these two years and fiscal 1977 indicate a substantial effect from the changes in the program's design, including tighter eligibility criteria and requirement of a project approach…

The United States has never had a consistent, unified work force development system. Instead, because of citizens' preference for decentralized government, most efforts at work force development have been sporadic and localized. From the 1960s until the early 1990s, Congress enacted between 125 and 175 narrowly-focused categorical employment…

This report reviews the establishment and early performance of the comprehensive manpower system established by the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). The report is divided into two major sections. Part 1 examines the background and first year results of the CETA program. The legislative and programmatic antecedents to CETA are…