Over the course of training, physicians develop significant knowledge and expertise. We review dual-process theory, the dominant theory in explaining medical decision making: physicians use both heuristics from accumulated experience (System 1) and logical deduction (System 2). We then discuss how the accumulation of System 1 clinical experience…

Background: Previous research in the field of content and language integrated learning (CLIL) has not yet comprehensively investigated the interaction between learners' expertise and the instructional effectiveness. Aims: Taking cognitive load theory as the theoretical framework, a study was conducted to investigate the expertise reversal effect…

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore how secondary school administrators describe their professional learning and productive partnerships in special education to lead in inclusive schools in public schools in the Northeast Region of the United States. The conceptual framework for this study is the Star Model developed…

Professional skills have long been perceived as lacking in junior engineers. Adopting a social realist theoretical framework of knowledge in practice, a hypothesis-based survey study of early career engineers' perceptions of engineering expertise was conducted. It investigated a professional skills readiness difference between initial career…

Much work has been done to characterize the reasoning of students as they solve mathematics-intensive problems and characterizing differences in expert and novice problem solving. In this work, we characterize the problem-solving strategies in a classroom setting of "transitioning novices," students who have completed an introductory…

We strive to empower our students to lead their own inquiry, discover knowledge, and construct approaches to solving real-life challenges. Often, though, we make the mistake of designing learning experiences that burden students with the unrealistic expectation of expertise that hasn't yet been developed. The solution: proper scaffolding for…

Objective: In the past decade, several authors have advocated that formative assessment programmes have an impact on teachers' knowledge. Consequently, various requirements have been proposed in the literature for the design of these programmes. Only few studies, however, have focused on a direct comparison between programmes with respect to…

The aim of this study was to investigate how to develop prospective chemistry teachers' TPACK and thus qualify them for the effective use of educational technology in their future chemistry teaching. For this purpose, we developed and evaluated a university seminar for the professional development of preservice chemistry teachers. We implemented…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the factors affecting tacit knowledge transfer from a master to an apprentice in the informal sector among hairdressers in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach: A case study was used as the research design. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 47 master hairdressers. Semi-structured…

Trends in curriculum reform recognise the need to develop skills and competencies in addition to specifying what knowledge should be taught and when. However, a balance between skills and knowledge is sometimes difficult to achieve. In this paper which takes mathematics as the focus, we consider reform currently underway in Wales, from the…

This issue provides a study on translation competence acquisition (TCA). The study consisted of an TCA experiment involving 129 first to fourth year trainee translators and recent graduates. The experiment was conducted in November 2011, when the first-year subjects had just begun their degree course; the graduates had completed their studies in…

The purpose of this review was to synthesize research on the effect of professional development (PD) targeting data-based decision-making processes on teachers' knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy related to curriculum-based measurement (CBM) and data-based decision-making (DBDM). To be eligible for this review, studies had to: (1) be published…

Assimilation of educational content aimed at gaining competence requires changes in the educational process. Education should improve personal qualities of students while teaching new material. In the developed countries, teaching and learning process aims at the development of practical skills. In the developing states, such as Kazakhstan,…

Background and Context: in this paper, we argue that integrating Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) into K-12 computing education can present learners with opportunities to develop human-centered design skills as well as higher-order thinking skills. Objective: to address the issues related to the development of HCI forms of expertise, we introduce…

It is paramount that teacher preparation programs continually strive toward the mission of preparing effective special educators. Through coursework and fieldwork, graduates must be well-informed professionals capable of improving student outcomes by understanding, selecting, and engaging in evidence-based practice (EBP). Evidence suggesting…