This study draws on literature reviews, interviews, and case studies to examine the viability of replication strategies in education and employment training. Replication is a dynamic process for improving the quality of local services by developing credible knowledge about effective program models, and reproducing those models in a variety of local settings by a process that includes adaptation and evolution while maintaining the results of the original. "Planned replication" by a third-party planning agency appears to be more effective than either legislated replication or locally initiated replication. The effectiveness of the following examples of planned replication of education and job training programs is reviewed: (1) the Comprehensive Competencies Program (CCP); (2) the Summer Training and Education Program (STEP); (3) Jobs for America's Graduates (JAG); (4) Experience Based Career Education (EBCE); and (5) the Coalition of Essential Schools. The following conditions are necessary for successful replication: (1) evidence of the effectiveness of the model to be replicated; (2) reasonable input costs; (3) availability of a qualified replicating agent; (4) an identifiable market need for the program or service to be replicated; (5) choice of a replication strategy appropriate to both the product and the institutional context in which the replication will occur; and (6) provision for continuing evaluation. A list of 84 notes and references are appended. (FMW)