The aim was to explore the effectiveness of a SRSD- based training program on story writing among second-year middle-school learning disabled students in Saudi Arabia. Participants were 50 students from a middle school in KSA. Participants were selected from two intact classes, which were assigned as control and experimental groups, with each…

Students with learning and behavioral problems often face enormous barriers to successful school performance. When the language of instruction is not the students' first language and they are already in secondary school, this is compounded by additional challenges, especially with regard to vocabulary and reading -- subjects that are fundamental…

The English language plays a major role around the world, making it important to learn English in order to participate and communicate in our globalized age. Adequate foreign language (L2) skills are important for everyday life and can even enhance performance in one's first language (L1). A growing number of very heterogeneous classrooms make it…

This revised edition updates and expands on the first edition published in 2016. In this revised edition, theories of different types of learning strategies are expanded and more recent studies are added. A large amount of tabular information is also reconstructed in a more meaningful manner. The book is divided into five chapters. Chapter one…

The purpose of this study was to examine whether English language learners (ELLs) would increase their vocabulary scores in the areas of word recognition, word meaning, and word application when iPads were used during vocabulary instruction. Five third-grade ELLs, at risk of being diagnosed as having learning disabilities, participated in the…

We review published single subject design (SSD) studies that examine the effects of interventions for English learners at-risk or with learning disabilities. Results of our literature search yielded 10 studies, five in reading, one in reading and behavior, and four in mathematics that met our inclusion criteria. Seven studies targeted…

This study explored perceptions of English-as-a-second-language (ESL) teachers on the prereferral process for Latino English language learners (ELLs). Using Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological approach, qualitative data were collected through interviews with four ESL teachers. Analyses of the data indicated that the ESL teachers used research-based…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using flashcards to develop automaticity (rapid word recognition) with key vocabulary words and phrases in order to improve fluency and reading comprehension skills for participants with and without diagnosed learning disabilities enrolled in a high school Spanish course. Eighty-seven…

This paper provides an historical overview of the foreign language learning difficulties of students with learning disabilities; describes a language-based assessment model for diagnosing foreign language learning problems; and discusses the role of diagnosticians, counselors, and academic service providers in the identification, accommodation,…

In this interview, two collaborators in research on teaching foreign languages to learning-disabled students are questioned regarding specific foreign language learning disabilities, possible subtypes, diagnosis, policies of colleges regarding students unable to meet foreign language requirements, and recent research in the field. (PB)

A need exists for appropriate curricula for students who are both limited English proficient (LEP) and learning disabled (LD). This paper reviews learning strategy approaches for LEP and LD students, compares two models (the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach and the Strategies Intervention Model), and proposes a merging of the two…

Evaluation of the 1974-77 INREAL (INclass REActive Language) demonstration model project, initially serving 518 children (aged 3-5 years), focused on the Colorado program's objectives of increasing language handicapped and bilingual (Spanish) children's language development significantly and preventing later language-related learning problems in…

The article clarifies the role of monolingual English specialists in the pre-referral process for culturally and linguistically different students. To help specialists assess language and learning disorders and plan intervention, a question-and-answer format which describes first language proficiency and relates it to learning English as a second…