All interventions -- whether academic, behavioral, or social-emotional -- should be consistently delivered as planned to realize desired student outcomes. In other words, they should be delivered with fidelity. School psychologists can address this concern by monitoring fidelity and providing support for intervention implementation. In this final…

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a group of disorders directly caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. This spectrum of disorders cause neurodevelopmental, neurobehavioral, and mental health effects. The consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure are permanent, leaving children and adults with behavioral and learning difficulties throughout…

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), including concussions, occur with relative frequency among youth (National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, 2016). TBI symptoms vary by severity but are generally categorized as emotional, cognitive, sleep, or physical difficulties. Common emotional symptoms reported by students include feelings of…

Evidence-based practice (EBP), and the use of practice-based evidence (PBE) are in a complementary relationship. The value of using PBE is that the evidence gathered through clinical practice can be applicable to the appropriate population. PBE provides information about the clinical usefulness of a specific technique. When data are collected from…

This article serves as the first in a series addressing comprehensive suicide prevention programming in the school context. Suicide is currently the second leading cause of death for 10- to 24-year-olds in the United States. As schools are a place where the majority of youth spend a significant amount of time, it follows that they are a natural…

School psychologists are uniquely qualified to provide direct and indirect support to students, parents, educators, schools, and districts. The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) Practice Model outlines the 10 domains that interact with each other to meet the needs of students, schools, and communities, and demonstrate the broad…

Each year, the NASP Assistance to States (ATS) committee hosts regional leadership meetings (RLM) as part of the annual convention. In November 2021, state leaders across the country joined forces to learn about the process of implementation science and how to facilitate sustainable change. At the core, implementation science examines critical…

In education, there is a history of pitting philosophy against science. In mathematics, a similar divide exists between evidence-based practice and philosophy-based practice. Philosophy-based practices are very prevalent in math and are not simply benignly ineffective tactics. The science of math is a movement that focuses on using objective…

Dyslexia has been the recent focus of a groundswell of interest, advocacy, and legislative activity. Struck by this salient movement and its implications regarding practice, the author set out to investigate the dyslexia advocacy movement. While mandates and initiatives vary greatly from state to state, the motivation behind the advocacy efforts…

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the norm and expectation for providing interventions in school psychology. However, there are two major hurdles to be addressed before EBP can be a true improvement in providing educational and psychological interventions to children and families. The first challenge is that the standard of clinical research limits…

Many school psychologists work in schools that have low proficiency rates on the year-end test of mathematics, which is concerning because math proficiency is a powerful indicator of long-term academic success. Addressing math instructional problems is not easy work. One reason the authors examine is that the work is so challenging for school…

The concept of intergenerational trauma acknowledges the potential of exposure to adverse events to carry on from trauma survivors to their offspring through biological, psychological, and social pathways. In this article, the authors offer an overview of intergenerational trauma and posttraumatic growth. They offer recommendations for schools…

Many students in schools have experienced traumatic events and struggle to deal with emotional, social, behavioral, and learning problems. School psychologists can be effective leaders in the school to establish trauma-informed practices within schools. By promoting awareness of trauma and its impact on students, school psychologists can help…

Early childhood, defined as infancy through age 5 years, is a critical period and serves as the foundation for development throughout the life span. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in July 2015, there were almost 20 million children ages birth to 5 years. The physical health of infants and young children is addressed and monitored through…

School psychology training programs take great pride in claiming to prepare scientist-practitioners consistent with the tradition of the Boulder model. Science as a basis for practice is also endorsed by government initiatives, such as in the case of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004 and No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, in which…