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When the Tokens Talk: IRF and the Position of Acknowledgement Tokens in Teacher-Student Talk-in-Interaction
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Huq, Rizwan-ul; Amir, Alia – Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language), 2015
In classroom settings, students' competence is regularly evaluated through a default practice named Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) or Initiation-Response-Evaluation (IRE). In the feedback or evaluation turn, the teacher normally uses acknowledgement tokens (such as uhm, yeah, okay). These tokens perform an active role of maintaining…
Descriptors: Interaction, Teacher Student Relationship, Tokenism, Feedback (Response)