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Back, Michele – Modern Language Journal, 2013
Researchers in second language socialization (SLS) often examine those interactions relating to a learner's integration within a target community. Kramsch and Whiteside (2008) noted the importance of "symbolic competence" in this integration. Symbolic competence, defined as the ability to access contextually relevant social and political…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Socialization, American Indian Languages, Cultural Awareness

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