Reviews criticism of Dunn's monograph on Hispanic-Anglo differences in IQ scores. Discusses the heritability and malleability of IQ, the reciprocal relationship between achievement and intelligence, negative effects of schooling for some caste-like minorities, and superior cognitive skills among balanced bilingual students. Contains 19 references.…

Critically reviews the influential study "Malnutrition and Environmental Enrichment" by Winick et al. (1975) and highlights what are considered to be statistical flaws in its analysis. Data in the classic study of height, weight, and IQ changes in three groups of adopted, malnourished Korean girls are reanalysed and conclusions…

Swedish longitudinal studies of twins support Scarr-Salapatek's explanation of nature-nurture influences on intelligence. This model predicts more genetic variance in test results for advantaged than disadvantaged groups. Jensen's work, however, suggests equal amounts of variance among different social classes. (Author/CP)

This article summarizes the thesis of "The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life," noting its rejection of educational intervention to solve social problems correlated to low IQ. It critiques the book for its failure to consider important research findings, and addresses the race issue, urging that the book's…

A study assessed whether the effects of computer-assisted practice on visual word recognition differed for 73 Spanish children with reading disabilities with or without aptitude-achievement discrepancy. Computer-assisted intervention improved word recognition. However, children with dyslexia had more difficulties than poor readers during…

The controversies surrounding the use of intelligence quotient (IQ) tests with children are summarized. This article discusses what intelligence is and how intelligence is measured. It also examines factors which can affect measurement, including examiner training or bias, examinee age, misinterpretation of test scores, and poor tests. The…

IN THE LONGITUDINAL BERKELEY GROWTH STUDY, SUBJECTS WERE TESTED AT 16, 18, 21, AND 26 YEARS ON THE WECHSLER-BELLEVUE, AND AT 36 YEARS ON THE WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE, WHICH CONTAIN BOTH VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL SUBSCALES. THE MOST CONSISTENT INCREASES IN MEAN SCORES OVER THE PERIOD WERE IN INFORMATION, VOCABULARY, AND COMPREHENSION. DIGIT…

The cognitive determinants of number analogy performance were studied by systematically manipulating the processing demands imposed by the items. To explore sources of developmental differences in analogical reasoning, subjects were included from two age levels, grades 4 and 5 and college. To allow the investigation of individual differences in…

Four models are developed to provide a conceptual basis for a curvilinear relation between intelligence and an individual's influence over group members. The models deal with influence and percentile placement in intelligence, comprehension by potential followers, vulnerability to rival intellects, and correlation between mean group IQ and the…

This author reviews published data and presents new data relevant to the Spearman hypothesis concerning racial differences on cognitive tests. He concludes that across-the-board difference between SES groups occurs primarily on the general factor, and that there are major determinants of race differences independent of the general factor.…

The author responds to criticisms made by Jensen pertaining to tests of the Spearman hypothesis. The near-zero correlation between Blacks and low socio-economic status Whites is neither an artifact of methodology nor a sampling fluke. Low and high SES White differences are highly correlated with general factor loadings. (LMO)

Responds to Dunn's monograph on Hispanic-Anglo differences in IQ scores. Reviews studies of between-group variance in IQ scores for Blacks, Anglos, and Hispanics; concludes that sociocultural factors are major contributors to such variance. Presents an IQ assessment system that develops sociocultural norms via multiple regression. Contains 24…

Presents a rather obtuse and apologetic defense of "The Bell Curve," claiming that the authors have been wrongfully accused of racist tendencies while admitting the many examples in the book that support the claim. Maintains that the book objectively examines important issues of class, intelligence, and social stratification. (MJP)

The history and use of intelligence testing are reviewed, with emphasis on the validity of intelligence tests for black populations. Different definitions of intelligence are summarized, followed by an historical review of intelligence testing. The work of Alfred Binet is discussed, as well as the validity and reliability of his scales. A…

A STUDY INVESTIGATED THE RELATION BETWEEN PERFORMANCE ON LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING TASKS AND LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE. PERFORMANCE WAS MEASURED ACROSS A SERIES OF 10 LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING TASKS PRESENTED TO SUBJECTS IN A SERIES OF SIX FILMS SHOWN IN A CLASSROOM. THE SUBJECTS WERE 275 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND 109 FOURTH GRADERS…