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Peer reviewedMiller, Susan Peterson; Mercer, Cecil D. – Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 1993
Nine students (ages 7 to 11) with math disabilities were effectively taught using an instructional sequence that moved from the concrete to the semiconcrete to the abstract. Subjects needed between three and seven lessons using manipulative devices and pictures before being able to do abstract-level problems. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Concept Formation, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness
Peer reviewedButler, Frances M.; Miller, Susan P.; Crehan, Kevin; Babbitt, Beatrice; Pierce, Thomas – Learning Disabilities: Research & Practice, 2003
This study compared effectiveness of either a concrete-representational-abstract (CRA) or a representational-abstract (RA) instructional sequence in teaching fraction concepts to 50 middle school students with mathematics disabilities. On all achievement measures, students in the CRA group had overall higher mean scores than did students in the RA…
Descriptors: Fractions, Instructional Effectiveness, Learning Disabilities, Manipulative Materials
Peer reviewedButler, Susan R. – Annals of Dyslexia, 1991
The Reading Assistance Tutorial (R.A.T.) Pack is a systematic, multidisciplinary remedial reading program incorporating listening, speaking, seeing, writing, thinking, and comprehension skills. The sequenced activities demand a high percentage of on-task behavior and train phonological processing strategies and functional language use. Research…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Instructional Materials, Integrated Activities
