Adult proficiency in numeracy in the United States lags that of other developed nations, and the nonselective institutions that dominate the higher education sector struggle to address the learning needs of the sizeable proportion of students who enroll in their institutions and are deemed academically underprepared in mathematics. Research on…

A hierarchical learning task was designed and developed in accordance with an instructional design model to study questions concerning task structure, sequencing, and other instructional design variables. To provide control and generality, the learning task was based on an entirely imaginary science. (RH)

Article is based on two main theses: One, qualitative improvements in education will not come about as a result of rhetoric or superficial proposals for solution made by the so-called new breed'' of educator, but rather as a result of a deeper understanding of the teaching-learning process, and the development and use of new and better principles…