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Direct linkSong, Hae-Deok; Grabowski, Barbara L.; Koszalka, Tiffany A.; Harkness, William L. – Instructional Science: An International Journal of Learning and Cognition, 2006
Reflective-thinking skills are important in problem-based learning environments as they help learners become deeply engaged in learning. The literature suggests several instructional-design factors (e.g., environment, teaching methods, scaffolding tools) that may prompt reflection in learners. However, it is unclear whether these factors differ…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, College Students, Problem Based Learning, Educational Environment
Download full textSong, Hae-Deok; Grabowski, Barbara L.; Koszalka, Tiffany A.; Harkness, William L. – 2003
Reflective thinking skills are important in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) environment by helping learners engage deeply in the problem-solving process. The research on learners' perceptions of factors prompting reflective thinking in a PBL environment is limited, and it is not clear whether there is a difference in perceptions of these factors…
Descriptors: College Students, Educational Environment, Higher Education, Instructional Design
Koszalka, Tiffany A.; Song, Hae-Deok; Grabowski, Barbara L. – 2001
Reflection involves active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or practice. It promotes understanding of underlying beliefs and application of new knowledge to new situations. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) provides the instructional mechanisms for prompting learner reflective thinking. Research questions for this study were: (1)…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Design, Learning Activities
Koszalka, Tiffany A.; Song, Hae-Deok; Grabowski, Barbara – 2001
Reflection involves active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or practice. It promotes understanding of underlying beliefs and application of new knowledge to new situations. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) provides the instructional mechanisms for prompting learner reflective thinking. This study examines the following: factors…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Educational Environment, Instructional Design, Middle School Students
