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Curenton, Stephanie M.; Dong, Nianbo; Shen, Xiangjin – Developmental Psychology, 2015
This study used a multilevel mediation model to test the theory that former early childhood education (ECE) attendees' 5th grade achievement is mediated by the aggregate school-wide achievement of their elementary school. Aggregate school-wide achievement was defined as the percentage of 5th graders in a school who were at/above academic…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Elementary School Students, Grade 5, Early Childhood Education
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Usta, H. Gonca – Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 2016
This study aims to analyze the student and school level variables that affect students' self-efficacy levels in mathematics in China-Shanghai, Turkey, and Greece based on PISA 2012 results. In line with this purpose, the hierarchical linear regression model (HLM) was employed. The interschool variability is estimated at approximately 17% in…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students