Programming skills (PS) are indispensable abilities in the information age, but the current research on PS cultivation mainly focuses on the teaching methods and lacks the analysis of program features to explore the differences in learners' PS and guide programming learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study aims to explore horizontal…

MOOCs can be considered as a powerful alternative in extraordinary situations where people cannot reach formal education. In recent years, the widespread use of the internet worldwide and especially the COVID-19 has increased the need of people for MOOCs. However, in order to increase the effectiveness of MOOCs, and to provide a better learning…

The objective of this article is to illustrate that text mining and qualitative research are epistemologically compatible. First, like many qualitative research approaches, such as grounded theory, text mining encourages open-mindedness and discourages preconceptions. Contrary to the popular belief that text mining is a linear and fully automated…

An ontology is an effective formal representation of knowledge used commonly in artificial intelligence, semantic web, software engineering, and information retrieval. In open and distance learning, ontologies are used as knowledge bases for e-learning supplements, educational recommenders, and question answering systems that support students with…

Excessive college course withdrawals are costly to the student and the institution in terms of time to degree completion, available classroom space, and other resources. Although generally well quantified, detailed analysis of the reasons given by students for course withdrawal is less common. To address this, a text mining analysis was performed…

The general scope of SPIRAL is storage of free-flowing text information into a machine-readable library and recall of any portions of this stored information that are relevant to an inquiry. The major objectives in the design of the system were (1) to make it easy to use by persons unfamiliar with computer systems; and (2) to make it efficient, in…

A transformational model offers a way to eliminate the middleman (programmer) in acccessing a computerized data base. It provides a basis for the algorithms which analyze the input query. The linguistic analysis of the sentence string is translated into system terms and the required operations are carried out. (28 references) (Author/NH)

The logical structure of the data bank is described from the user's point of view, without reference to machine implementation. The length of files, records, segments, and fields are variable and unlimited; duplication factors are unlimited; sequence of files, records within file, and segments within record are random. All data are subject to…

The author discusses the impact of the "computer revolution" on the field of rhetoric and public address in terms of the potential applications of computer methods to rhetorical problems. He first discusses the computer as a very fast calculator, giving the example of a study that probably would not have been undertaken if the calculations had had…

A series of computer programs to handle natural language retrieval and analysis in a manner analogous to that of a statistical package is discussed. The document presents an overview of several language analysis projects currently underway, and of several research approaches to problems in language analysis. The manner in which the Language…

With the number and types of documents in digital library systems increasing, tools for automatically organizing and presenting the content have to be found. While many approaches focus on topic-based organization and structuring, hardly any system incorporates automatic structural analysis and representation. Yet, genre information…

Part One, Automatic Content Analysis contains: "Content Analysis in Information Retrieval;""The 'Generality' Effect and the Retrieval Evaluation for Large Collections;""Automatic Indexing Using Bibliographic Citations" and "Automatic Resolution of Ambiguities from Natural Language Text." Part Two, Automatic…

Four papers are included in Part One of the eighteenth report on Salton's Magical Automatic Retriever of Texts (SMART) project. The first paper: "Content Analysis in Information Retrieval" by S. F. Weiss presents the results of experiments aimed at determining the conditions under which content analysis improves retrieval results as well…

A relational data system (RDS) is one that has the capability not only to retrieve specific facts but also the ability to deduce facts that are implicit rather than explicit in the data base. The study investigated the application of RDS technology to intelligence data processing. RDS technology and the nature of intelligence data processing are…

The twenty-second in a series, this report describes research in information organization and retrieval conducted by the Department of Computer Science at Cornell University. The report covers work carried out during the period summer 1972 through summer 1974 and is divided into four parts: indexing theory, automatic content analysis, feedback…