Preadolescents (10-12 years) are prolific media users, yet it is still being determined whether the different types of social media engagement are impacting their bodies. This exploratory study aimed to test a model of relationships between types of social media engagement, attitude to alter one's physical appearance, dualism, and body satisfaction. A sample of 2,378 Italian preadolescents (M[subscript age] = 12.02 years; SD = 0.82; 52.81% boys) was recruited. Results showed that using filters/apps to alter one's physical appearance and image-mediated interaction with peers and celebrities/influencers is negatively associated with body satisfaction. It also represents a new form of dualism between the real and the virtual body. This study aims to fill the gap in understanding the complex effects of social media use among preadolescents, providing insights into critical factors influencing their body satisfaction and identity in the era of digital technology.