Testing the null hypothesis that there would be no differences in self reports on a sentence completion questionnaire (10 items) re: understanding of self and others between 39 students who had participated in Outward Bound (OB) and a matched group of 39 non-participants, 78 Woodward High School (Toledo, Ohio) male and female, junior and senior…

Describes preliminary results of a study that examined the effect of individual differences on the use of CD-ROM databases by novice undergraduate users. Factors considered include age, sex, native language, major, computer literacy, computer affinity, personality traits, learning style, visual ability, and perceived usefulness of the system. A…

Many Americans do not have access to adequate medical care. Previous research on this problem focuses primarily on individual-level determinants of access such as income and insurance coverage. The role of community-level factors in helping or hindering individuals in obtaining needed medical care, however, has not received much attention. We…

Are occupational and work conditions associated with work-to-home conflict? If so, do those associations vary by gender? Among a sample of adults in Toronto, Canada, we found that men and women in higher-status occupations reported higher levels of work-to-home conflict than workers in lower-status jobs. In addition, we observed higher levels of…

Claude Steeles' stereotype threat hypothesis posits that when there are negative stereotypes about the intellectual capacity of certain (stigmatised) groups, members of that group suffer aversive consequences; group members who are most strongly identified with the stigmatised domain in question (e.g., intellectual or academic ability) are those…

Early adolescents may lack the cognitive and metacognitive skills necessary for effective inquiry learning. In particular, they are likely to have a nonnormative mental model of multivariable causality in which effects of individual variables are neither additive nor consistent. Described here is a software-based intervention designed to…

This study's purpose was to explore the premise that increasing state support for elementary/secondary schools increases equal student access to educational opportunity. Following a brief overview of the background of the problem, including a description of the so-called "Minnesota Miracle" or Omnibus Tax Law of 1971 with its provisions…

The notion that South African public schools have a distinctively civic mission is recognised in all national education policy documents published since the first democratic election in 1994. The teaching of democratic citizenship education in public schools is a newcomer to South Africa. The purpose in this article is to summarise scholars' views…

This study evaluated Krell's 1981-82 Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) preparatory series software purported to raise students' scores substantially after only a short term of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). Forty-eight college-bound juniors from Escambia County (Florida) were assigned to experimental and control groups. A two-phased pre- and…

The effectiveness of multiple matrix sampling was examined in a study of 495 students' attitudes toward a computer education program. A post hoc analysis of variance was used, with the class as the unit of analysis. The Computer Attitude Scale, a 30-item rating scale, was used to measure attitudes toward learning about and working with computers.…

The authors report the findings of a study conducted on a dually listed undergraduate/graduate distance learning course for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). They collected data on students' interactions with the course content and course technologies to investigate differences in how graduate and undergraduate students…

Fifteen fifth grade students designated disruptive by their classroom teachers in the State College Area School District of Pennsylvania were divided into three groups and exposed to three weeks of differing lead-up activities followed by a week of residential outdoor education activities at Pennsylvania's Stone Valley Outdoor School. Employing…

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A NONGRADED HIGH SCHOOL WAS COMPARED WITH THAT OF A TRADITIONALLY GRADED HIGH SCHOOL IN THE SAME CITY BY ADMINISTERING TESTS AND RELATED EVALUATION METHODS TO A RANDOMLY SELECTED SAMPLE GROUP OF 141 TENTH-YEAR STUDENTS AT EACH OF THE SCHOOLS. SIX STUDENT GROUPS FOR EACH SCHOOL (DISTINGUISHED BY SEX AND ABILITY LEVEL) WERE USED…

FOUR HYPOTHESES RELATED TO SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMS IN SIX SELECTED COMMUNITIES--DENVER (COLORADO), DUVAL COUNTY (FLORIDA), EVANSTON (ILLINOIS), PORTLAND (OREGON), PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY (MARYLAND), AND TACOMA (WASHINGTON)--WERE TESTED THROUGH ANALYSIS OF INTERVIEW AND QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE DATA. OF 321 QUESTIONNAIRES MAILED TO A SELECTED SAMPLE OF…

Using the U.S. Census definition of poverty, an attempt was made to determine: how many poverty level South Dakota families there were in 1970 and where they resided; the socioeconomic factors explaining county differences in poverty incomes; whether those factors explaining poverty incidence would correlate with county differences in the extent…