Between 2004 and 2016, nearly 1.5 million foreign graduates of U.S. colleges and universities obtained authorization to remain and work in the U.S. through the federal government's Optional Practical Training program (OPT). More than half (53%) of the foreign graduates approved for employment specialized in science, technology, engineering, and…

In 2004 and 2005, the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education (Pell Institute), sponsored by the Council for Opportunity in Education (COE), published two editions of "Indicators of Opportunity in Higher Education." In 2015, the commitment to documenting trends in higher education equity was renewed by publishing…

This report, the seventh in this series, brings together again in partnership the Pell Institute with the Alliance for Higher Education and Democracy of the University of Pennsylvania (PennAHEAD). These reports draw from multiple sources of existing data to provide, in one place, indicators that describe trends in equity in postsecondary…

Homeless youth and youth in foster care are often unprepared for the transition to adulthood. Given the economic benefits of college, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) was asked to examine the college experiences of these vulnerable youth. GAO examined: (1) college enrollment and completion for foster and homeless youth; (2) the extent to…

Post-secondary education is quickly becoming a requirement for many growing careers. Because of this, an increased focused on post-secondary enrollment and attainment has been seen in the education community, particularly in the K-12 systems. To that end a large number of programs and organizations have begun to provide assistance to these…

By late 2008, the United States was in the midst of its most severe economic recession since the 1930s, brought on by a collapse in real estate prices and exacerbated by the failure of many large banks and financial institutions. Heeding calls from economists, Congress and the Obama administration passed a historic law in early 2009 to stimulate…

This tabular presentation of the proposed federal budget includes a summary of percentage changes within the education department and other agencies; pie charts showing proposed increases in academic research and the Education Department; dollar amount comparisons from fiscal year 1991 to 1993; and a breakdown of proposed 1993 spending on…

This report describes the Department of Education's process for estimating costs of the Pell grant program, which provides grants to financially needy students pursuing a postsecondary education. The Department uses a three-step process to develop its Pell grant budget estimate: a computer cost model incorporating over 30 economic indicators, a…

The debate with regard to the relationship of the public and private sectors in higher education is increasingly, but necessarily, frantic. The present and future prospects of private as well as public higher education, are not subjects for easy generalization. It seems probable that we will be dealing with a smaller student market in the 1980's.…

Despite Democrats' and educators' concern over the first Republican-led reauthorization of the Higher Education Act this year, Republicans supported the bill. Some observers feel the support is a G.O.P. survival strategy, and will not continue; some conservatives feel the party is caving in to higher education interest groups' demands. (MSE)

The student loan default rate was 9.6% in 1996, a decline of 12.8% since the 1990 peak, saving the federal government $3 billion over six years. Since 1993 the Department of Education has barred 1065 institutions, mostly for-profit trade schools, from participating in federal student loan programs; institutions with a 40% default rate can lose…

Two reports discuss 1998 bills affecting education programs, libraries and publishing. Acts include: Digital Millennium Copyright, Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension; Trademark Law Treaty Implementation; Children's Online Protection/Privacy Protection; Internet Tax Freedom; Next Generation Internet Research; Year 2000 Information/Readiness…

Proceedings are presented of hearings before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources (1) to examine the transition from school to work and explore the nature of youth employment and unemployment and (2) to gauge the conditions, trends and problems likely to affect federal labor and human resources policy in the 1980s. Among those testifying…

Compares enrollment and benefit levels among three G.I. Bill programs (World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam veterans) to determine whether veteran enrollments respond positively to increased G.I. benefits. Concludes that Vietnam veterans' benefits have been less than those of other veterans relative to earnings. Consequently, school enrollments…