This study was conducted with the aim of tracking the mathematics attitudes of primary school students from the year they started school until they graduated from primary school and transitioned to middle school, covering a four-year period. The research involved a longitudinal method and was carried out with the participation of primary school…

Vertical scales are frequently developed using common item nonequivalent group linking. In this design, one can use upper-grade, lower-grade, or mixed-grade common items to estimate the linking constants that underlie the absolute measurement of growth. Using the Rasch model and a dataset from Curriculum Associates' i-Ready Diagnostic in math in…

Motivation plays a crucial role in mathematical competence, with motivated students tending to perform better than those who lack motivation. Given that teachers can play a significant role in fostering student motivation, the aim of this study was to investigate teachers' influence on students' motivation to learn mathematics. Alongside the…

This Data Appendix provides the data behind the Fact Sheet, "California's K-12 Test Scores."