The geometric design of roofs is a key element in the design and construction of buildings. Roofs play an important role in protecting buildings from the weather and providing esthetic appearance and functionality. Theoretically, to design a roof over a given plan means to construct the projections of the intersections of the roof planes. All this…

Introductory chemistry students encounter the concept of hybrid orbitals as a transition from atomic orbitals to molecular bonding. The principal purpose of learning hybridization in the undergraduate curriculum is to impart an understanding of the origins of molecular bonding and geometry. Physical models of both individual hybrid orbitals and…