This study investigates the levels of anxiety regarding testing and math in 2 nd and 4 th graders (N= 273) in the context of Romanian National Evaluations (NE), concentrating on differences before and after the assessments. The research purpose is to understand how the pressure of national testing impacts primary school students' emotional…

This Data Appendix provides the data behind the Fact Sheet, "California's K-12 Test Scores."

Extended testing time is a common accommodation given to students with disabilities. However, little is known about whether students who are eligible for the accommodation actually use it, and with what effect. The present study used process data available from the digitally delivered 2017 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)…

This report provides estimates of the lifetime earnings return associated with marginal improvements in attainment at KS2 in England. KS2 assessments take place at the end of primary school, when pupils are aged 10-11. They are a key marker of children's educational progress, and have been a compulsory part of the national curriculum since 1995.…

In Spring 2022, Pioneer Institute published "The Boston Publics Schools' Road to Receivership," which detailed the findings of the 2019 state-commissioned, third-party report evaluating outcomes and operations in the Boston Public Schools (BPS). The report was scathing, citing years of declining enrollment, low test scores, financial…

Background: Theoretical Framework--A child's reading skills play an enormous role in their development as learners and as members of society. Students reading below grade level as they enter middle school are likely to fall further behind academically each year (Lewkowicz, 2000; Lyon, et al., 2001). The 2024 NAEP reading assessment found that…

Students' prior achievements in school have significant correlations with their later achievements. Specifically, students' prior numeracy achievement is the most important predictor of later numeracy success. However, the assessment of this predictor across gender and its trend across students' year levels is often overlooked or not adequately…

In 2024, half of California's K-12 students met the state standard in English, while one in three were proficient in math. Post-pandemic learning recovery and longstanding disparities in proficiency rates remain key challenges for the state's public schools. This fact sheet discusses the numbers involved with these achievement gaps.

Background: This empirical study aims to investigate the association between mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement gaps among students in Grades 4, 8, and 12, utilizing data from the 2019 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The study also considers student-level (e.g., mathematics self-efficacy, gender,…

Developing students' reading and numeracy skills remain key goals of contemporary schooling. In Australia, the National Assessment Program -- Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) tests have assessed these skills since 2008. Previous research found a significant gender gap in favour of females for the NAPLAN writing test, yet no study has examined…

The results of total testing from the years 2015-2022 on the mathematical and verbal achievement of Lithuanian pupils (N [approximately equal to] 250,000) are presented. These are the standardised tests from grades 4 to 12. The K-Means method has discovered six types of achievement. The highest achievement type is dominated by girls (61.1%) who…

Principals (policy makers) have debated the progress in U.S. student performance for a half century or more. Informing these conversations, survey agents have administered seven million psychometrically linked tests in math and reading in 160 waves to national probability samples of selected cohorts born between 1954 and 2007. This study is the…

The National Assessment Governing Board (the Board) contracted with Pearson to design and implement a review of the achievement level descriptions (ALDs) for National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Grade 8 assessments in Science, U.S. History, and Civics. This document describes the procedural and technical aspects and outcomes of the…

Australian children from regional, rural and remote (RRR) areas exhibit lower educational outcomes than their peers in metropolitan areas. The mechanisms driving the comparatively poorer educational outcomes of children in RRR areas, however, are not well understood. This paper proposes and tests two sets of factors that may be responsible for…

We focus on two types of centralised national examinations (the 10th grade tests and Matura examination) that are being carried out in Lithuania for two decades. The aim of the paper is to analyse assessments of mathematics for the entire Lithuanian secondary school population that have no sampling errors while considering the factors of location,…