In European countries, postcompulsory general education programs leading to higher education have traditionally been separate from vocational training programs leading to employment. Recent reforms have led to cooperation and sometimes integration between general and vocational programs and their school-leaving certificates. (KS)

On the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of Swedish comprehensive education, it is concluded that the system has attained some of its social and academic aims fully and approached attainment of others. Areas for further improvement include increased local governance, more clearly articulated goals, and curriculum development. (MSE)

Current research on students' experiences in encounters with their classmates in school is explored by using the narrative of a 25-year-old nursery school teacher in Sweden about her own experiences as a quiet and well-behaved student. Her story illustrates some of the built-in conflicts of the comprehensive school. (SLD)

With developments such as the overcrowding of universities and the student revolt of the 1960s, traditional ideals of German higher education based on the ideas of W. Von Humboldt, were reassessed. Concepts which had once been inspirational in the Humboltian ideal had become perverted. In the post-war period a reform tradition was pioneered by…

This publication contains two chapters of the final report of the Curriculum Committee published in 1970 as an evaluation of goals and curriculum of the comprehensive school in Finland. The comprehensive school aims at providing the children with material and stimuli that favor a positive personality development. The major domains of an integrated…

With the change to comprehensive schools in Sweden completed, the author considers how education will be restructured in the future both at the compulsory and the post-compulsory levels. (SJL)

Attempts to understand the implications for education of an apparent paradox of the welfare state: a new culture of education has developed involving both individual autonomy and continuing attachment to public provision of education to ensure that autonomy. Compares England and Scotland to illustrate the complexity of the political debate. (DSK)

This description of a project in the Netherlands concentrates on the progress made by participating schools since 1974, inhibiting and success factors, and the outlook for the future. The MAVO project provides secondary students with training for administrative functions. One of the characteristics of the program is that it provides a three-year…

A fundamental ideal of our democratic republic is that every person has some way through which she/he can participate in decisions which directly affect her/him. To some extent, most teachers are able to recognize this ideal in their private lives. It seems logical that this realization would also carry over and prevail in an individual's working…

Overviews Finnish schools before 1970 and highlights subsequent reforms. Groups reform problems under four headings: conceptual, attitudinal, administrative, and geographical. (BRR)

Examines the career attitudes and experiences of women deputy headpersons in an English local educational authority (LEA). Through interviews with 38 women administrators, the study explores their conception of career and finds no match with that of "career ambitious" teachers, but rather a diversity of career tracks and perceptions. (AF)

A major but neglected area of gender inequality in education involves social relationships among teachers and teacher-teacher interactions. This article discusses ways in which gender relations in school influence the lives of women teachers, focusing on staff common-room milieu, staffroom humor, "women's work," and perceptions of…

This historical review concludes that, for the last decade, Danish education policies have been influenced by a minority conservative coalition government and in important ways, have been inspired by British and U.S. policy. This has included demand for user input into instruction, increased institutional autonomy, and evaluation of teaching to…

High school students, their parents, and school personnel were surveyed regarding the health and guidance related needs of adolescents. The results were analyzed and compared within both the Comprehensive School Health (CSH) and Comprehensive Guidance and Counseling (CGC) frameworks. Results suggest a need for collaboration between CSH and CGC…

In 1976 the Schools Commission (Australia) commenced a program of evaluation of its specific-purpose programs in order to obtain objective assessments of the impact of these programs and to determine ways in which they might be improved. One of the programs chosen for evaluation was the Development Program. This report discusses the design and…