The intricate relationship between representational competence and content knowledge in organic chemistry has been widely debated, and the ways in which representations contribute to task difficulty, particularly in assessment, remain unclear. This paper presents a multiple-choice test instrument for assessing individuals' knowledge of fundamental…

Objective: This study aims to evaluate sources of validity and reliability of the University Student Engagement Inventory among Indian Students. Method: The data of this study was collected from 518 Indian university students in the design of a cross-sectional study from May to June 2022. Then the validity and reliability of the inventory were…

Online metacognitive skills are the real-time awareness of cognition, which can effectively promote science learning and improve performance in solving scientific problems. Therefore, it is important to enhance and diagnose students' online metacognitive skills in science education. This study aimed to evaluate ninth-grade students' online…

Background/purpose: Language is essential for communication and thought, enabling learners to convey ideas and emotions through structured speech supported by gestures, expressions, and intonation. Oral expression, a key educational skill, involves intellectual, linguistic, and physiological processes shaped by cultural and linguistic factors.…

The aim of this study is to conduct a validity and reliability study for adaptation of the scale of learning strategies (the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) to Turkish, which was developed by Pintrich, Smith, Garcia and McKeachie (1991) and adapted by Meijs et al. (2019) for distance education students. The Scale of Learning…

Children's development during early childhood affects their well-being and educational success, but there are few reliable assessment instruments available. The aim of the study was to develop, pilot and validate an e-assessment instrument for assessing five-year-old children's development in cognitive processes, learning, language and…

Reasoning for complexity is a fundamental competency in these complex times for solutions to social problems and decision-making. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the eComplexity instrument by presenting its psychometric properties. The instrument consists of a Likert-type scale questionnaire designed to…

The aim of this study is to develop a Disciplined Mind Scale (DMS) in order to determine the disciplined mind features of 4th grade students. Considering that students around the age of 11 can have some scientific thinking skills, it is thought that the disciplined mind features of 4th grade students should be determined. The sample of this…

Unlike other data collection modes, the effect of labeling rating scales on reliability and validity, as relevant aspects of measurement quality, has seldom been addressed in online surveys. In this study, verbal and numeric rating scales were compared in split-ballot online survey experiments. In the first experiment, respondents' cognitive…

In randomized experiments, inventories with reverse-keyed items are compared with inventories in which all the items are either positively or negatively associated with the underlying concept. The results show that with reverse keying, a control of the potential bias was not sufficient; likewise, the factorial structure, reliability, and validity…

Burnout is psychological, physical, and emotional suffering that may affect students with low or inadequate resources to face stressful events at school. Although the existing instruments are used worldwide to assess school burnout risk, they show several flaws and mainly focus on the emotional facets of the syndrome. No previous studies have…

This article describes the development and psychometric properties of a new Dyslexia Marker Test for Children (Dysmate-C). The test was designed to identify Norwegian students who need special instructional attention. The computerized test includes measures of letter knowledge, phoneme awareness, rapid automatized naming, working memory, decoding,…

Computational thinking has received tremendous attention from computer science educators and educational researchers in the last decade. However, most prior literature defines computational thinking as thinking outcomes rather than thinking processes. Based on Selby and Woodland's framework, this study developed and validated the Computational…

This study describes the development and validation of a psychometrically-sound instrument, the Active Learning Strategies Inventory (ALSI), designed to measure learners' perceptions of their active learning strategies within an active learning context. Active learning encompasses a broad range of pedagogical practices and instructional methods…

Conceptual combination is proposed as the mental activity by which imagination produces new ideas in creative processes. Two parallel forms of the imagination test were constructed based on conceptual combination theory. Each test comprises eighteen unrelated noun-noun pairs. For each pair, an original idea is required. The test-retest reliability…