Background: Student engagement has been conceptualised and operationalised in various learning environments. However, there is currently a lack of established scales to measure student engagement in synchronous online learning. One possible reason is the existence of the conceptual and structural ambiguity regarding student engagement. Objective:…

This paper examines the effect of class size on student's academic and behavioral performance in synchronous online courses, utilizing student-level administrative data and website clickstream data from a research university in China. By examining variations in class sizes within students but across classes, we revealed a significant negative…

Online learning has enhanced accessibility in education, but also poses significant challenges in maintaining academic integrity during online exams, particularly when students are prohibited from accessing unauthorized resources through the Internet. Nonetheless, students must remain connected to the Internet in order to take the online exam.…

Purpose: This study aims to investigate Sri Lankan Government university students' acceptance of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) for educational purposes. Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) model as the primary theoretical lens, this study incorporated personal innovativeness as both a…

One of the phenomena that lecturers who switched to online distance learning during COVID-19 reported is the refusal of students to turn on their cameras during online classes. This study aimed to examine the factors that predict the opening of cameras in class. The study examined this issue regarding three types of predictors: resistance factors,…

With the rising influence of technology, students have become heavy users of instant messaging applications. It makes one wonder about students' motivations in using these applications and their usage habits. The aims of this study were to analyze the messaging activities of university students in blended classroom groups, to investigate the…

This study explores the effectiveness of chatbots empowered by generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in assisting university students' creative problem-solving (CPS). We used quasi-experiments to compare the performance of dialogue dynamics, learner perceptions, and practical competencies in CPS during students' interactions with: (1) a GAI…

With the expanding realm of online education in Indonesia, determining factors influencing university students' participation in distinct modes of virtual learning is crucial to developing more effective digital pedagogy. This research aims to scrutinize factors affecting Indonesian EFL (English as a Foreign Language) university students' low…

Purpose: The intricate dynamics of ChatGPT adoption among Indian students are discussed while exploring the factors outlined by Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2). By assessing these factors, this study aims to unravel their impact on the behavioral intention to use ChatGPT. Design/methodology/approach: While evaluating…

ChatGPT is an AI tool that assisted in writing, learning, solving assessments and could do so in a conversational way. The purpose of the study was to develop a model that examined the predictors of adoption and use of ChatGPT among higher education students. The proposed model was based on a previous theory of technology adoption. Seven…

This study presents findings from a survey of 2298 university students from three countries (South Korea, Turkey, United States) focused on their use of and beliefs about webcams to support synchronous learning, including behaviors such as turning cameras on and multitasking. Additionally, it explores differences due to national culture, school…

It is aimed to examine the interaction experiences of distance education students in e-learning environments where content-integrated social interaction opportunities are offered, and in line with this purpose, the factors affecting students' level of interaction, appreciation, and participation in interactions were examined. The study group of…

Purpose: Student in-class participation is a crucial aspect in the learning process, including in synchronous learning process. Several variables may hinder students from actively participating in synchronous learning including communication anxiety. As behavior, student in-class participation can be modeled using theory of planned behavior (TPB)…

This study delves into the implications of incorporating AI tools, specifically ChatGPT, in higher education contexts. With a primary focus on understanding the acceptance and utilization of ChatGPT among university students, the research utilizes the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the guiding framework. The…

This predictive-causal study determined the factors affecting students' Behavioral Intention (BI) and Actual Use (AU) of Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) and Zoom for both synchronous and asynchronous classes in a private higher education institution in the Philippines adopting Technology Acceptance Mode (TAM). After surveying 496 students,…