This study investigates how the approximate number system (ANS) and young children's symbolic skills jointly develop and interact. Specifically, the study aims at disentangling the directionality of the association between ANS acuity and a wide range of symbolic skills that reflect 4- to 5-year-olds' symbolic quantitative knowledge (enumeration…

Humans and other animals are able to make rough estimations of quantities using what has been termed the "approximate number system" (ANS). Much evidence suggests that sensitivity to numerosity correlates with symbolic math capacity, leading to the suggestion that the ANS may serve as a start-up tool to develop symbolic math. Many…

The numeracy handbook is a practical guide for teachers of numeracy and literacy to learners of English as a Second Language. Focus is on teaching numeracy and integrating numeracy and literacy. It considers issues in defining and teaching numeracy, examines numeracy in the workplace, designing a course and a unit of work, and analyzes numeracy…