The era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 has triggered an explosion of digitalization in all fields, especially information. This era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 has led to a shift in learning from face-to-face learning in the classroom to online learning. This study will determine students' argumentation skills and self-directed learning (SDL) in…

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of argumentation, during the hypothetico-deductive reasoning (HDR) process in the problem-based learning (PBL) approach, on nursing students' achievements and to determine the argumentation levels in the biochemistry course on the topic of endocrine and nervous systems. The participants…

The purpose of this research is to determine the conceptual understanding of pre-service science teachers about "Colligative properties", which are aimed to be taught within the scope of Chemistry-II course, within the framework of the argumentation-supported problem based learning (AS-PBL) method. The study, in which 24 pre-service…

This study aims to examine the effects of argumentation-supported problem-based learning (AS-PBL) carried out in the Chemistry-II laboratory course on the conceptual understanding of prospective science teachers about "Chemical equilibrium and Le-Chatelier's principle". The prospective teachers' answers were analyzed using content…

Supervision in higher education (HE) often balances the tension between fostering student autonomy and providing sufficient guidance, especially within undergraduate programs. This paper explores an under-researched area: the dynamics of group supervision in undergraduate education, specifically how students challenge their supervisor's expertise.…

Purpose: This paper aims to describe the statistical arguments produced by third-grade students (8-9 years old) and to identify the teaching support for collective argumentation in a lesson based on data comparison. A Lesson Study Group researched and planned the lesson around a problem from the official mathematics textbook.…

Critical thinking is integral to English language teaching (ELT) as it enhances both linguistic competence and higher-order cognitive abilities such as analysis, evaluation, and problem-solving. This paper explores how critical thinking can be systematically embedded in ELT to foster intellectual maturity and independent learning. It examines…

Controversial issues require students to analyse information critically, discuss different perspectives, and develop views on important questions. The problem-based learning model (PBL) allows learners to gain insights from various perspectives and apply the knowledge acquired to different situations. This mixed-method study aims to examine the…

The literature widely reports that pre-service teachers repeatedly demonstrate inadequate argumentation skills. Through a mixed-methods research approach, this study investigated the effectiveness of a holistic online scaffolding design for guiding the development of pre-service teachers' argumentation skills. Participants were randomly assigned…

Scientific writing is essential for students to express their idea and to report their research. Problem-based learning model directs students to solve problems and report them in the form of scientific articles. The report is written logically and systematically. The research used a quasi-experiment method with 62 students as participants. The…

Previous research found that critical thinking skills of students need to be trained more intensively using authentic problems in daily life. Critical thinking can be developed through problem-based learning as a pedagogical approach in an aligned learning and teaching context. This research aims to obtain the profile of students' critical…

This study aims to determine the effect of the PBL model with argumentation scaffolding on changes in the critical thinking of teacher candidates teachers in terms of personality type and gender. This research is a quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. 28 prospective teachers who take the algebraic structure course…

Engineering professionals need to employ argumentative skills to support their decisions. This research presents the findings of an intervention that was designed and implemented at two universities in Colombia, South America, to help students enhance their written argumentative skills through essays on ethical dilemmas. Engineering professors…

Students in Indonesia still have the low level of scientific argumentation skills. This study purposed to examine the impact of Problem-based Learning (PBL) with Argument Mapping and Online Laboratory in improving the scientific argumentation skill. It describes the significance of the differences between participants who learn through PBL, PBL…

This study aims to explore the effects of argumentation with the concept map method during medical problem-based learning (PBL) on individual clinical reasoning. Individual clinical reasoning ability was assessed through problem-solving performance and arguments that students constructed during individual clinical reasoning processes. Toulmin's…