As a primary teacher and subject leader for science with an interest in valid, authentic modes of assessment, the author has looked forward to an era in which electronic formats would play a significant role and provide new benefits, as predicted by the experts for well over a decade. In this article, the author appeals for better software to…

Ubiquitous computing and mobile technologies provide a new perspective for designing innovative outdoor learning experiences. The purpose of this study is to propose a formative assessment design for integrating PDAs into ecology observations. Three learning activities were conducted in this study. An action research approach was applied to…