Asian culture has been test-centric for over 1,400 years. U.S. education has been since the 1990s. Based on Kim's creative Climates, Attitudes, and Thinking skills (CATs), creativity indicators were developed using the 2015 PISA questionnaires. Study I examined: (1) relationships between students' PISA science scores and CATs; (2) differences…

Describes the rise of musical notation in the West, showing the relationship between that development and the origin of music literacy in China. Suggests that the balance of oral and literate means of music learning may foster creative expression in performance. Encourages the study and practice of orality in the training of young musicians. (LS)

This study examined gender differences in creativity among 149 Sudanese males and 151 Sudanese females, ages 15-20. Males and females performed significantly better on different tests, but no significant interaction between gender and education was found. Differences in opportunities for independent and creative thought granted to Sudanese males…

Fourteen Native Canadian intermediate students identified as creatively gifted were assigned to experimental or control groups. Pre- and posttests of creative potential indicated significant gains in originality scores of the experimental groups, who received training in fluency, flexibility, and originality through formation of objects and…