Identifies the major functions of short cycle education and two aspects of governance and administration related to these purposes: specifically, local or regional autonomy v national control, and comprehensive, multi-purpose v specialized programs. Considers short cycle education in 12 countries. (AYC)

Considers short-cycle education in the context of international cooperation in postcompulsory schooling. Looks at common characteristics of short-cycle institutions worldwide. Identifies four types of short-cycle institutions. Enumerates the potential advantages and disadvantages of uniting two-year colleges with appropriate university faculties.…

After 20 years of experience, comprehensive education in Belgium is characterized by many compromises. Pedagogically, positive results have been achieved. Curricular and structural reforms have been largely successful. However, too much is being expected of it as a lever for social change, and the system may fail as a result. (MSE)