During 1976, 133 former migrants representing 96 migrating units were interviewed. Through participant observation, various social contexts (villages, towns, and cities) were studied in terms of return migration. Emphasis centered on the rural context and specifically dealth with return destinations, investment behavior, problems of social…

Examining the rural self-help or "harambee" movement in Kenya, this article presents data indicating: education projects consistently account for nearly half of all self-help when measured by either project value or volume at the national level, while agriculture and health related activities, at 10 percent each, represent the second…

The paper documents and analyzes the nature of community self-help efforts in rural areas of Anambra State, Nigeria. It notes that community perceptions of development are based on a social and economic yardstick and differ from the prevailing public policy on agricultural development. (Author/SB)