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English Journal2
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Black, Mary J.1
Williams, George L.1
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Matthew Arnold and Proficiency Testing.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Black, Mary J. – English Journal, 1982
Reports on Matthew Arnold's attack on nineteenth century England's proposed proficiency testing program. Discusses the lessons to be learned today from Arnold's objections to proficiency testing. (RL)
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Accountability, Competency Based Education, Foreign Countries
State Testing and the Italian Experience.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Williams, George L. – English Journal, 1980
The Italian educational system's experiences with national examinations might help United States educators understand the impact of state tests on students, schools, and education in general. (JT)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Competency Based Education, Educational Trends