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Direct linkTheodore E. A. Waters; Rui Yang; Yufei Gu; Victoria Zhu; Lixian Cui; Xuan Li; Niobe Way; Hirokazu Yoshikawa; Xinyin Chen; Sumie Okazaki; Kristen Bernard; Guangzhen Zhang; Zongbao Liang – Child Development, 2025
Despite the long-standing debate over the assumed universality of maternal sensitivity predicting attachment security (i.e., sensitivity hypothesis), few long-term longitudinal investigations on attachment have been conducted outside the Western context. We leveraged data from a prospective 9-year longitudinal study of middle-class families (N =…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mothers, Affective Behavior, Attachment Behavior
Beiming Yang; Zexi Zhou; Varun Devakonda; Bin-Bin Chen; Yang Qu – Child Development, 2025
Using three-wave longitudinal data of 554 Chinese youth (mean age = 13.35 years; 50% girls; T1 = July 2020, T2 = January 2021, T3 = July 2021), this study examined how youth's views of teens regarding family obligation predict their academic functioning and relationship with parents, with attention to the mediating role of youth's sense of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Family Environment, Responsibility, Academic Achievement
Waters, Theodore E. A.; Yang, Rui; Finet, Chloë; Verhees, Martine W. F. T.; Bosmans, Guy – Child Development, 2022
We examined the prototype v. revisionist models of attachment stability with a five-wave, 6-year, longitudinal study of attachment security from middle childhood to adolescence in a White Western European sample (N = 157; Wave 1 M[subscript age] = 10.91, SD = 0.87; 52% female). Attachment was assessed using both questionnaire (Experiences in Close…
Descriptors: Models, Attachment Behavior, Children, Adolescents
Posada, German; Trumbell, Jill; Noblega, Magaly; Plata, Sandra; Peña, Paola; Carbonell, Olga A.; Lu, Ting – Child Development, 2016
This study tested whether maternal sensitivity and child security are related during early childhood and whether such an association is found in different cultural and social contexts. Mother-child dyads (N = 237) from four different countries (Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and the United States) were observed in naturalistic settings when children were…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mothers, Parent Child Relationship, Security (Psychology)
Posada, German; Lu, Ting; Trumbell, Jill; Kaloustian, Garene; Trudel, Marcel; Plata, Sandra J.; Peña, Paola P.; Perez, Jennifer; Tereno, Susana; Dugravier, Romain; Coppola, Gabrielle; Constantini, Alessandro; Cassibba, Rosalinda; Kondo-Ikemura, Kiyomi; Nóblega, Magaly; Haya, Ines M.; Pedraglio, Claudia; Verissimo, Manuela; Santos, Antonio J.; Monteiro, Ligia; Lay, Keng-Ling – Child Development, 2013
The evolutionary rationale offered by Bowlby implies that secure base relationships are common in child-caregiver dyads and thus, child secure behavior observable across diverse social contexts and cultures. This study offers a test of the universality hypothesis. Trained observers in nine countries used the Attachment Q-set to describe the…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Child Behavior, Caregiver Child Relationship, Child Development
Smyke, Anna T.; Zeanah, Charles H.; Fox, Nathan A.; Nelson, Charles A.; Guthrie, Donald – Child Development, 2010
This study examined classifications of attachment in 42-month-old Romanian children (N = 169). Institutionalized since birth, children were assessed comprehensively, randomly assigned to care as usual (CAU) or to foster care, and compared to family-reared children. Attachment classifications for children in foster care were markedly different from…
Descriptors: Placement, Foster Care, Classification, Attachment Behavior
Peer reviewedTrue, Mary McMahan; Pisani, Lelia; Oumar, Fadimata – Child Development, 2001
Examined infant-mother attachment in Mali's Dogon ethnic group. Found that distribution of Strange Situation classifications was 67 percent secure, 0 percent avoidant, 8 percent resistant, and 25 percent disorganized. Infant attachment security related to quality of mother-infant communication. Mothers of disorganized infants had significantly…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Ethnic Groups, Foreign Countries, Infants
Peer reviewedLamb, Michael E.; And Others – Child Development, 1983
Analyses of the interaction of 45 Swedish infants with their mothers and fathers revealed that degree of paternal involvement had no effect on preferences displayed on measures of attachment and affiliative behaviors. At both eight and 16 months, infants showed clear preferences for their mothers over their fathers. (Author/RH)
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Fathers, Foreign Countries, Infants
Peer reviewedBenoit, Diane; Parker, Kevin C. H. – Child Development, 1994
The stability of adult attachment and transmission of attachment across 3 generations were examined in a longitudinal study of 96 infants, their mothers, and maternal grandmothers. The study found that mothers' Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) classifications were stable over 12 months in 90% of mothers and 73% of grandmothers, using the AAI's…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Foreign Countries, Grandparents, Infants
Peer reviewedSpangler, G.; Grossmann, K. E. – Child Development, 1993
A biobehavioral perspective may help settle disagreements about the validity and interpretation of infants' different behavioral patterns of attachment. A study of 41 infants demonstrated that insecure-avoidant infants, despite showing less overt distress after short separations from their mother than secure infants, exhibited arousal patterns as…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Foreign Countries, Heart Rate, Infants
Zeanah, Charles H.; Smyke, Anna T.; Koga, Sebastian F.; Carlson, Elizabeth – Child Development, 2005
This study examined attachment in institutionalized and community children 12-31 months of age in Bucharest, Romania. Attachment was assessed using ratings of attachment behaviors and ratings of caregiver descriptions in a structured interview. As predicted, children raised in institutions exhibited serious disturbances of attachment as assessed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Caregivers, Attachment Behavior, Young Children
Peer reviewedGoossens, Frits A.; van IJzendoorn, Marinus H. – Child Development, 1990
Infants were observed three times in the strange situation with their professional caregivers, mothers, and fathers to examine relationships between infant-parent attachment, day care characteristics, and the quality of infants' attachments to professional caregivers. (PCB)
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Child Caregivers, Day Care Centers, Foreign Countries
Peer reviewedLutkenhaus, Paul; And Others – Child Development, 1985
Children classified as securely attached at 12 months interacted faster and more smoothly with the stranger than did avoidantly-attached peers. Microanalyses revealed different styles of interaction. Failure feedback increased efforts of securely-attached and decreased efforts of insecurely-attached children. After failure, securely-attached…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Emotional Response, Failure, Feedback
Peer reviewedSagi, Abraham; Koren-Karie, Nina; Gini, Motti; Ziv, Yair; Joels, Tirtsa – Child Development, 2002
The Haifa Study of Early Child Care examined the unique contribution of various child-care-related correlates to infant-mother attachment. Findings indicated that, after controlling for other potential contributing variables (including mother characteristics, mother-child interaction, and mother- father relationship), center care adversely…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Child Care, Child Care Centers, Child Care Effects
Peer reviewedBoom, Dymphna C. van den – Child Development, 1995
Evaluated the enduring effectiveness of a skill-based training program to enhance maternal sensitivity toward infants between six and nine months of age. Found that more of the toddlers whose mothers participated in the intervention were securely attached than toddlers from the control group dyads. In the third year, evidence of sustained effects…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Followup Studies, Foreign Countries, Intervention
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