These "Proceedings" derived from the Commission for International Adult Education's (CIAE) 2018 International Pre-Conference. They contain 23 papers from 32 authors. Eight of the lead authors are graduate students -- four are rounding up their Master's degrees while four are on their doctoral programs. The rest are a mix of seasoned and…

The author describes his experience in the establishment of Botswana Extension College in Africa. Difficulties of assessing educational needs and experimentation with radio-correspondence courses and various forms of face-to-face group work in village study centers are described with focus on different roles for teachers and for institutions with…

This paper describes two programs in Botswana and Zimbabwe in which manual work forms an integral part of the educational program. It analyzes their objectives and structure and discusses constraints against the background of socioeconomic change in the two countries. Differences are identified and discussed. The first two sections deal separately…

Examines the KASHA project in Botswana to illustrate the characteristics of sustainable development as manifested in localized contexts and situations. Suggests the need to document, share, describe, and discuss successful programs like KASHA. (MDH)

Despite Botswana's commitment to the ideals of democracy and equity, abject and relative poverty are widespread among the country's rural populace. Since Botswana's independence, its rates of poverty, unemployment, and illiteracy have increased. The situation necessitates fundamental changes in the lives of Botswana's rural residents. Such change…