This article utilizes the qualitative methodology of autoethnography for examining how doctoral programs create intellectual war zones for African American students through oppressive institutional socialization. Theoretically grounded in critical race theory, I utilize my counternarrative as an African American graduate student to describe the…

This article deals with the PhD phase of tertiary higher education (in Slovakia), which is here considered as the specific phase of the academic career. It tries to answer the question: what is the PhD, in the context of research, theoretically and methodologically approached as a critical ethnography of higher education. It is focused on the…

Discusses autobiographical stories of one Caucasian and three African American female doctoral students during their "rites of passage" in educational administration departments. Although not generalizable, the four stories offer nontraditional students' varied perspectives and experiences. Training program recommendations cover five…