This article is the third of three on "Sources of Authority in Education." All use the work of Amy Gutmann as a heuristic device to describe and explain the prevalence of market-based models of education reform in the US and the business-influenced Global Education Reform Movement. The other two are "Negating Amy Gutmann:…

This article presents both sides of the debate as to whether urban teachers need structure or freedom, and then takes a stand on urban teaching in the current high-stakes assessment climate. First, we trace the 30-year development of American educational policy in the area of structuring teaching. Then, we present research from proponents of…

The aim of this essay is to advance understandings of current efforts to democratize disciplined approaches to educational innovation and improvement in the US and other countries, with a specific focus on the macro-level policy contexts of improvement research in education. In the US, earlier analyses examined these policy contexts from a…

President Obama recently described America's current economic, societal, educational, and technological circumstances as "our generation's 'Sputnik' moment." If history repeats itself in the twenty-first century, music educators may face a situation similar to that which developed in the 1960s concerning the impact of education reform on…

In the United States, as public demands for quality teachers have escalated, there has been a corresponding increase in national policy efforts to tie the standards of student success to teacher preparation, licensing, and evaluation. This conceptual paper examines how national authorities used specific policy tools to usurp the state's…

Parental involvement in education has long been recognized as an important indicator of student academic achievement. Teachers, administrators, policy makers, and our state and federal government continue to recognize the vital role of the parent in education. Policies and mandates, with titles such as "No Child Left Behind" and…

Raising academic standards and eliminating achievement gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged students are America's prime national educational goals. Current federal and state policies, however, largely ignore the fact that the childhood poverty rate in the United States is 21%, the highest in the industrialized world, and that poverty…

The Secretary of Education, in his State of American Education Address, suggests that the nation is no longer at risk, but on the move. He indicates that Goals 2000 is the force behind the effort to raise standards, to get technology into the classroom, and to set high expectations for everyone. (JOW)

According to the 26th annual Phi Delta Kappan/Gallup Poll, the growth of fighting/violence/gangs and poor discipline are the most serious problems facing today's schools. Parents rate their community schools highly but assign only passing grades to the nation's schools. Most favor character education and President Clinton's education initiatives…

A multifaceted program, Goals 2000: Educate America," has as one of its top priorities the development of skills standards for certain key occupations. This articles examines the development of standards for Hazardous Materials Management Technology technicians. (LZ)

This paper describes a project that examined the six national education goals established by the National Governor's Association in 1990 and then included in the Goals 2000 Educate America Act. As part of a graduate seminar, 20 classroom teachers and 1 student teacher undertook to determine if these goals were attainable and how they could best be…

This is a report produced by the Committee on Education and Human Resources (CEHR) of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology (FCCSET) to supplement President Clinton's Fiscal Year 1994 Budget request. It describes the progress of CEHR and FCCSET in developing a coordinated Federal strategy, consistent with the…

The Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (IASA) was signed into law on October 20, 1994, as P.L. 103-382. The legislation reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) through fiscal year 1999. The ESEA authorizes most federal elementary and secondary education programs, including the Title I program to provide…

"The ERIC Review" is published three times a year and announces research results, publications, and new programs relevant to each issue's theme topic. This issue explores systemic education reform via an overview of systemic reform, a description of the Kentucky example, and an article, "Roadmap to Restructuring" (David T.…

This compilation of information on the U.S. Department of Education's support programs, publications, and services to teachers, provides a description and location within the Department for each program, and serves as a reference for specific needs and questions. A review of the national education goals and the Goals 2000 program procedes the main…