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Tugay Kaçak; Abdullah Faruk Kiliç – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2025
Researchers continue to choose PCA in scale development and adaptation studies because it is the default setting and overestimates measurement quality. When PCA is utilized in investigations, the explained variance and factor loadings can be exaggerated. PCA, in contrast to the models given in the literature, should be investigated in…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Monte Carlo Methods, Mathematical Models, Sample Size