Judging, marking, and ranking students is a common practice in higher education, though the pervasive dependence upon grades to dictate a student's success or failure has come under increased scrutiny. While "ungrading" and alternative grading practices are endorsed by progressive educators, there are few systematic, empirical studies of…

The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on education, forcing many teachers and students who were not used to online education to adapt to an unanticipated reality by improvising new teaching and learning methods. Within the realm of virtual education, the evaluation methods underwent a transformation, with some assessments shifting towards…

Assessment practice in higher education has undergone significant changes in recent years, with COVID-19 forcing universities to adopt a digital-first approach during the temporary disruption and prompting wider reflection on the merits of traditional closed-book examinations as opposed to more modern formats. End-of-course assessments are,…

Examining the current discussion on efficient grading practices in online and distance learning, a mixed-method study was designed to assess the grading policies and practices. Through census sampling, all of the education department's teachers as well as the head teachers of the Pakistani virtual university were chosen. In the questionnaire as…

The pandemic brought a massive shift in traditional education strategies. Educational literature is focusing on case studies for online-learning platforms. This research aims to break down the adaptations in teaching styles and curriculums across different countries due to the worldwide shift towards newer technology and learning mediums to…

Content assessment has broadly improved in e-learning scenarios in recent decades. However, the e-Learning process can give rise to a spatial and temporal gap that poses interesting challenges for assessment of not only content, but also students' acquisition of core skills such as self-regulated learning. Our objective was to discover students'…

American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers (AACRAO) is developing guidance on a range of topics in support of institutions of higher education need to adjust, review and consider many of their practices in light of the impact of COVID-19 on normal operations. To help develop this guidance and the members understanding of…

This study examines whether including more contextual information in data analysis could improve our ability to identify the relation between students' online learning behavior and overall performance in an introductory physics course. We created four linear regression models correlating students' pass-fail events in a sequence of online learning…

Globally, the number of COVID-19 cases continues to rise daily despite strict measures being adopted by many countries. Consequently, universities closed down to minimise the face-to-face contacts, and the majority of the universities are now conducting degree programmes through online delivery. Remote online delivery and assessment are novel…

This paper describes a system for research on the behaviour of students taking online drills. The system is accessible and free to use for anyone with web access. Based on open source software, the teaching material is licensed under a Creative Commons License. The system has been used for computer-assisted education in statistics, mathematics and…

The constant emphasis on maintaining a high level of quality in the Open Distance Learning (ODL) self directed courses delivered at Wawasan Open University (WOU) demands the accurate assessment of course learning outcomes (CLO). The summative and formative assessment components of each course module are, in theory, designed to effectively measure…

To what extent does the intense and direct involvement of internal stakeholders, such as program managers and staff members, play a significant role toward evaluation use? Stakeholder involvement is a key element in evaluation and evaluation use is considered within a broader sense that includes organizational knowledge, individual skills, and…

The concept of fail-forward can be used as a teaching technique to motivate students to learn from their mistakes. For example, when students are allowed to re-work incorrect responses on a test for a partial grade they are failing-forward. In this paper we look at the effects of failing-forward on student effort in online learning environments.…

The use of team projects has been shown to be beneficial in higher education. There is also general agreement that team efforts should be assessed and that the grading ought to represent both (1) the quality of the product developed jointly by the team, as well as (2) the degree of participation and quality of contribution by each individual…

The aim of the present research was to compare the use of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) as an examination method, to the examination based on constructed-response questions (CRQs). Despite that MCQs have an advantage concerning objectivity in the grading process and speed in production of results, they also introduce an error in the final…