We examine whether women's rising labor force participation led to increased intergenerational transmission of occupation from fathers to daughters. We develop a model where fathers invest in human capital that is specific to their own occupations. Our model generates an empirical test where we compare the trends in the probabilities that women…

Women have made remarkable gains in education during the past three decades, yet these achievements have resulted in only modest improvements in pay equity. The gender pay gap has become a fixture of the U.S. workplace and is so ubiquitous that many simply view it as normal. "Behind the Pay Gap" examines the gender pay gap for college graduates.…

Drawing on data from a panel study of White women spanning 31 years, the analyses examine the influence of women's employment on the gendered division of household labor. Multiple dimensions of women's employment are investigated, including accumulated employment histories, current employment status, current employment hours, and relative income.…

Women's positions in the teaching profession are closely related to their familial roles as articulated by the family's ideology. The presence of large numbers of women in teaching, defined as a marginal occupation in capitalism, and the family ideology can segment the profession and reduce its potential for collective mobilization for change or…

Changes in the labor force include higher labor force participation rate for female college graduates, especially Black women; a majority of workers in managerial occupations are college graduates; advanced degrees are required more and more for professional status; more women are in nontraditional occupations; and there are high proportions of…

Analyzes some of the main trends in youth employment and unemployment in recent years. Underlines the massive rise in youth unemployment and discusses its causes and the groups which have been hardest hit by it. (CT)

Suggests both the need and the methods for disaggregating the goal of full employment. Analyzes the categories of age, sex, race, and marital and economic status in determining the composition of unemployment. Stresses the need for measures that would reduce unacceptably high unemployment rates. Statistical tables examine the distribution of…

This article discusses the employment of organized workers in May 1980 with averages for the year ended in September 1984. Data indicate that the total number of U.S. workers rose while the number of employed workers who were members of unions or employee associations fell. Statistical tables and charts are included. (CT)

This report presents the findings of a study into the experiences of non-English speaking background (NESB) migrant women in the Australian workforce. The fieldwork, which involved interviewing over 100 immigrant women living and working in Sydney, was carried out in 1988 and 1989. The study also involved an extensive review of Australian and…

This paper presents an overview of occupational segregation, which keeps women in lower-paying job categories, especially as this segregation pertains to federal job programs. The first two sections of the paper survey occupational segregation in general, examining the statistics which show that women are heavily concentrated into a very limited…

Although occupational sex segregation has decreased over the last 25 years, it is still a major social concern primarily because of the role it plays in perpetuating the gender wage gap. This paper uses data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a study that followed a random sample of 10,317 high school graduates, to assess the determinants of…

In view of recent Australian government policy favoring multiculturalism, a research study was undertaken to investigate the effect of literacy, bilingualism, and adult education and training on non-English speaking background (NESB) women in Australian society. NESB women have been identified as a migrant group with both special needs and…

In 1980, a study was conducted to determine the characteristics, attitudes, and subsequent experiences of women who had completed the Women's Education Development Incentive (WENDI) re-entry program at Brevard Community College, Florida, in 1977. From the original mailing of 79 questionnaires, 33 usable responses were returned. Two-thirds of the…

The characteristics, earnings, employment experiences, and material well-being of California welfare recipients after leaving welfare were examined by comparing the postwelfare experiences of groups who exited welfare before and after institution of California's welfare reform program CalWORKs. The first group (pre-CalWORKs group) exited welfare…

This interview with Elsie Vartanian, Director of the Women's Bureau of the Office of the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Labor, reviews the impact of economic and technological changes on women in the workplace, and examines major challenges these changes present. The role of the Women's Bureau in promoting and improving employment…