The present study investigates the relationship of the temporal characteristics of therapists' verbal behavior to the communication of empathic understanding in psychotherapy. (Author)

University students (N=48) were individually tested for suggestibility in one of three conditions. Results indicated subjects of higher rated experimenters would demonstrate more suggestibility than subjects of lower rated experimenters. Results did not indicate that subject interaction with lower rated experimenters would elicit less…

Two counseling-analogue studies compared empathic-listening and active advice-giving styles of telephone counseling with college undergraduate participants. Results consistently indicated significant participant preference for active advice giving on overall call evaluation and on the two major factors (Helpfulness of Call and Helper Likability)…

College students receiving individual counseling services (36 male and 64 female) served as subjects. Each subject received two questionnaires containing three forms of the Jourard Self-Disclosure Questionnaire and a revised form of the Relationship Questionnaire. Results did not provide total support for any one theory of self-disclosure in…

An ongoing debate has centered on which school of therapy makes most effective use of the therapeutic relationship. This study divided clinical practitioners into three major theoretical orientations--psychodynamic, behavioristic, and humanistic--based on their own stated preferences. Results showed no significant differences between therapists.…

Three types of correlations were used to examine interrelationships of scales for therapist empathy, warmth, genuineness, self-disclosure, and immediacy. Immediacy and self-disclosure were not significantly related to empathy and warmth for high-facilitative therapists. Results suggest use of all facilitative scales is best justified when ongoing…

Undergraduates were trained to help the counseling staff by serving as models in demonstrating patterns of social behavior for clients, and as listeners to those having adjustment problems in college. (CJ)

The data reported by Avery and his colleagues do not support their challenge to the construct validity of empathic understanding ratings. It is argued here that empathic understanding ratings should demonstrate "correspondence" and independence. (Author)

Investigates effects of sex of judge, sex of referent, and sex-pairing of judge and referent on level of understanding, or affective sensitivity, of school counselors. Male and female counselors were found to be equally accurate in their empathic judgments. There were no detected effects of sex-pairing. (Author)

The primary purpose of this study was to develop and validate a measure of counselor empathy. A pilot study was conducted with 72 undergraduate students and 12 graduate students in order to develop the Empathic Differential (ED)D. Twenty-one bi-polar objectives were yielded significant through intercorrelation analysis. The validation study…

The influence of empathy on observers' attributions for an outcome achieved by an actor was examined as well as self-presentational strategies when observers either expected to assume the actor's role later (Role-Playing). On videotape, observer-subjects (N=160) watched an actor succeed or fail at an interpersonal influence task, after being given…