In France, including the region of Alsace, German is taught as a foreign language. German is also taught as the regional language in Alsace and is presented in the following two forms in the national education legislation: the Alemannic and Franconian dialects (known as Alsatian), and Standard German. The latter is considered the written form of…

Learner autonomy is a vibrant and diverse field. In its approximately 40-year history, it has drawn liberally on theoretical constructs and research methodologies from other disciplines. In turn, it has contributed to the field of applied linguistics by drawing attention to the fundamental importance of understanding the language learner as an…

The introduction of modal verbs in English textbooks across levels in China was surveyed and compared with Chinese learners' use in writing to explore the potential impact of textbook introduction on learners' real use. The results have revealed: (1) divergences between the sequence of modal verb presentation in textbooks and their frequency order…

For newly arrived students who are d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH), language acquisition is particularly complex. The spectrum of initial language situations ranges from no first language to multilingual acquisition contexts. In Germany, there are currently no studies that focus on the education of these learners. This prompted an interview study…

Involving the global issues as listed in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in education is necessarily done in the education process, especially in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. Exposure to global issues is known to improve students' understanding, awareness, and ability to solve urgent issues faced by global society. This paper…

Self-directed language learning is considered as one of the most important aspect of learning process leading to individual's success in learning and working life. The systematic review study aims to explore the determinants associated with self-directed language learning of Thai EFL context, which have been carried out for a past decade between…

Although robots' social behaviors are known for their capacity to facilitate learner-robot interaction for language learning, their application and effect have not been adequately explored. This study reviewed 59 empirical articles to examine the contexts and application of various social behaviors of robots for language learning, and conducted a…

In 2018/2019, the Government of Austria instituted a new language support model to Austrian schools that included segregated language support measures for non-fluent German-speaking students. The central research aim of the paper is to investigate how the implementation of this new language support model compares to the policy requirement by…

Public speaking often imposes a nerve-wracking atmosphere in the L2 classrooms. Consequently, an alternative to the anxiety-arousing activity by using advanced technology for pedagogy is urgent. Prior publications reported the use of virtual reality (VR) for training public speaking and alleviating students' public speaking anxiety (PSA). However,…

This paper explores secondary school students' investment in their language learning after having graduated from one of four bilingual (also termed Content and Language Integrated Language (CLIL)) primary school programs in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. We show the different study pathways pursued by a selection of students and illustrate…

This article considers the presentation of self-efficacy in the OFSTED 2021 Curriculum Research Review for languages (OCRR). It begins by elucidating how self-efficacy is defined in the work of Albert Bandura and within social cognitive theory more broadly; its position in relation to theories of motivation and models of self-regulation; and what,…

The concept of translanguaging is widely used in studies on multilingualism and language learning nowadays and it is important to distinguish between spontaneous translanguaging and pedagogical translanguaging. Spontaneous translanguaging refers to the discursive practices of multilingual speakers that have not been planned by the teacher and…

This bibliometric study examines the research trends, productivity, publication, and citation patterns of positive psychology in the field of foreign/second language education by analyzing 137 documents retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database between 2012-2022. Data analysis was conducted using various scientometric software, including MS…

Language and learning norms constitute the biggest constraint for refugee learners attempting to access education in Uganda because they struggle to demonstrate competencies in English despite acquiring them in their local language (Arabic, French, or Swahili). Learners are assigned to lower levels, contributing to misalignment between their…

In the current study, differential item functioning (DIF) detection using real data was conducted with the application of "Mantel-Haenszel (MH)", "Simultaneous item bias test (SIBTEST)", "Lord's chi-square", and "Raju's area" methods, both when item purification was carried out and when item purification was…