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Dan Goldhaber; Katherine Baird; Suvekshya Gautam – Center for Education Data & Research, 2024
In this paper we analyze the extent to which a mandated kindergarten assessment predicts 3rd grade outcomes, and the academic progression for students from 3rd grade to high school. We find that the kindergarten assessment strongly predicts 3rd grade outcomes, with the math skills assessment being especially predictive of 3rd grade academic…
Descriptors: Public Schools, Outcomes of Education, Academic Achievement, Achievement Gains
Bloom, Benjamin S. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1980
The shift to alterable variables (those that can be changed before or during the teaching and learning processes) enables researchers to move from an emphasis on prediction and classification to a concern for causality and the relations between means and ends in teaching and learning. (Author/IRT)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Educational Research, Elementary Secondary Education, Family Environment