Problem solving is considered a fundamental human skill. However, large-scale assessment of problem solving in K-12 education remains a challenging task. Researchers have argued for the development of an enhanced assessment approach through joint effort from multiple disciplines. In this study, a three-stage approach based on an evidence-centered…

Background: Historically, significant advances in scientific understanding have followed advances in measurement and observation. As the resolving power of an instrument increased, so have gains in the understanding of the phenomena being observed. Modern interactive systems are potentially the new "microscopes" when they are…

The relationship between cognitive strategy and theoretical constructs associated with cognitive style, cognitive behavior modification, and metacognition, particularly regarding the education of learning disabled students, is examined. Future research directions, including the relationship between a tactual repertoire and metacognitive status,…

Differences in readers' perceptual style and conceptual temp may influence how they select, perceive, and organize graphic information for meaning. (RB)

Assesses our limited knowledge of individual learning styles and their relationships to academic achievement. Poses questions for further research. (Author/WD)

Students with learning disabilities work to avoid difficult tasks while trying to appear competent ("passing"). They also check, monitor, and evaluate their actions, a form of "metacognition." These are flip sides of the same coin of strategic interaction and are context-bound, not context-free activities. (Author/LHW)

The article provides a rationale for the consideration of the processing differences of exceptional learners and discusses how these differences influence the development of the skills necessary for normal school achievement. (PHR)

The learning style of Native American Indian students is discussed in terms of internal cognitive processes (global/analytic, imagery/verbal, impulsive/reflective, trial-and-error/watch-then-do, field dependence/independence and concrete/abstract); external conditions; teaching and communication styles; and traditional learning styles. A four-step…

The paper argues that issues of language generalization are better viewed as part of the broader issue of how individuals apply existing knowledge to familiar and novel situations. Children with speech or language impairments tend to be less flexible in applying knowledge and more vulnerable to linguistic processing demands. (Author/DB)

The article reviews the literature on creativity, learning styles, brain studies, teaching technologies, and learning strategies. Although learning styles and strategies differ among individuals, creativity is maximized through use of the fully functioning brain. Teaching suggestions include producing alternative explanations/consequences,…

During the past two decades, three schools of research have increased our understanding of how individuals interact with their environments, abstract relevant data, interrelate new experiences with existing knowledge, and apply accumulated information to new tasks. New developments in learning styles, brain behavior, and thinking skills research…

The task consisted of categorizing a set of slides depicting concepts of freedom, nonfreedom, justice, and nonjustice. The results of the analysis indicated that abstract thinkers performed significantly better than did concrete thinkers and that performance increased as a function of grade level. (Author/BJG)

The "impulsive responder" is a learner who avoids or eliminates confusing situations. Rather than acknowledging that a given problem solving task is too difficult, the impulsive responder simply perceives a different task--one that he or she has learned to solve. For the teacher there may be many different problems, but for the impulsive…

It is shown how typical analyses of strategic behavior focus on the "problem of remembering" based on the experimenter's conceptualization of optimum task performance. A new definition of a strategy is suggested in which strategies are seen as attempts to solve the "problem of remembering" as understood by the person. (Author/LMO)

This report examines certain home cultural factors, cultural orientations, and learning preferences of African American school children from low-income backgrounds in order to document the relationship of prior cultural socialization experiences to enhanced cognitive, performance, and motivational outcomes. A conceptual basis is suggested for the…