The role of meaning in the learning of verbally presented paired associates (PAs) is described by means of an experiment with a replication. A printed PA list containing six different types of items was presented to Sixth Graders. Four of the item types consisted of sentence-embedded PAs on the study trials, followed by test trial cues varying in…

The present experiment was performed in order to investigate learning efficiency within four different ethnic groups: black, white, Chinese-American, and Spanish-American. In all groups, sampling was confined to children from low-socioeconomic-status communities. (Author)

Experiment was designed to examine the relationship between intelligence, stimulus meaningfulness and stimulus selection. (Authors)

Results show that paired-associate learning proceeds at a faster rate beyond the third grade. (Authors)

Tested children for recall of paired associates. Traditional measures of recall suggested that older children displayed better retention than younger children. But when data were reevaluated using a technique that statistically controlled for degree of learning, developmental differences in retention disappeared. (BC)

Twenty male and 20 female first graders were trained in a paired-associates (PA) learning task to test the hypothesis that instructions to generate interactive mental images of word referents and interactive imagery training administered prior to PA learning facilitate cued recall. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the following five…

These four studies in a series deal with good and poor readers' utilization of selected cues in paired-associate learning. Specific cues considered were color, order of presentation, and verbal mediators. Answers to two basic questions were sought: (1) Do the selected cues have a facilitative effect upon children's paired-associate learning? (2)…

The reports of eight studies testing the effects of elaboration on the learning of children are compiled in this document. Mental elaboration is "thinking while learning" which occurs as the learner actively adds context to the material he is asked to process. Supplied elaboration, included in these studies, occurs when the learner is provided…

Results were interpreted as supporting an inhibition deficit theory of mental retardation. (Authors)

Presents a study of paired-associative learning involving a total of 80 preschool and second grade children. Four familiarization categories of pretraining were utilized; results are discussed in terms of the effects of pretraining conditions and age on paired-associative learning and their consistency with some developmental hypotheses and phase…

The paired-associate learning of 52 fourth graders was related to measures of cognitive ability obtained the previous year. Subjects were administered the paired-associate task under one of three variations: at a comfortable rate with standard instructions; at a comfortable rate with a potentially effective learning strategy (visual imagery); and…

In this study, the self-reported strategies of fifth, seventh, and ninth grade subjects used to learn a list of paired associates were correlated with actual learning performance to test the hypothesis that proficient learners are elaborators. (Author/SB)