This paper contributes to the study of mechanisms of parental responsibilisation and involvement that solidify unequal educational opportunities and camouflage these, especially from pupils. Drawing on data from Zurich, the biggest city in Switzerland, the authors find that parental responsibilisation plays a crucial role in ensuring that…

The unintended academic and social consequences for students experiencing the transition from elementary to middle school have been well documented. A mixed method study was conducted to examine the perceptions and attitudes of 6th grade students, parents, and teachers from four middle schools in a large suburban school district in Southeastern…

Oklahoma implemented universal pre-K in 1998. It is one of only five states that has or is implementing universal preschool, and for several years has served more four-year-old children than any other state. The organization, Community Action Project (CAP) Tulsa, occupies a unique position in this work. As one of the largest anti-poverty agencies…

During preadolescence, concerns about maintaining and developing friendships, gaining peer acceptance, and avoiding peer victimization become central concerns. The transition to middle school can create or exacerbate these concerns. Parents may be in a position to help preadolescents navigate these developmental and ecological challenges, promote…

The basic determiner for the school in which the children who completed their primary education will in at an upper education level in Turkey is the entrance exam carried out nationwide. The items of national exam, called as LDE (Level Determination Exam) which the primary education pupils (aged between 12 and 15) will participate in Turkey were…

The purpose of this paper is to trace the evolution of school assessment in Bhutan, briefly, as a background to considering the present and future school assessment issues especially as they relate to quality concerns and educational improvement in Bhutan. A benchmark for Bhutan, the National Educational Assessment (NEA) programme in Bhutan was…

According to these scenarios, the heart attack victim has a better chance of surviving than the child facing grade retention. Despite parental objections and research studies showing that children held back are three time as likely to drop out of school than children who are promoted, the antiquated practice of grade repetition continues. (MLH)

Presents arguments for individualized instruction in elementary schools. (PF)

Those who decide to keep a child in an elementary grade for an additional year do so despite very persuasive research evidence that negative effects consistently outweigh positive outcomes. Retention suggests the student is solely responsible and is therefore a punishment rather than a solution. (MT)

This book focuses on how elementary school teachers and administrators can make sensible, well-reasoned, and defensible retention and promotion decisions. The book contains a reproducible retention/promotion checklist made up of questions selected on the basis of factors that have an impact on school success or failure. Checklist summary and…

Describes Buena Park School District's (Orange County, California) implementation of an alternative intervention program (Gaining on Academic Learning) to retain and promote at-risk elementary students. Includes description of organizational structure, assessment-driven instruction, student support systems, and program effectiveness. (PKP)

Study of elementary school nonpromotion statistics in three economically different areas of a suburban county reveal that the average nonpromotion rate is three times greater in blue-collar areas than white collar, and multiretention rates six times greater. (MJB)

This study explored the relationship between failure to be promoted in elementary school and the self-concept of the child. Failure to be promoted was associated with a negative self concept and those students who failed to be promoted more than once had a more negative self-concept than those who had failed to be promoted only once. (Author)

Reviews ERIC materials dealing with the issue of grade repetition. (FL)

A retired teacher argues that a return to fundamentals in elementary schools and a change in the policy of social promotion in schools are primary to improving the quality of education. (JMF)