Although grit has been an important individual factor contributing to learning, studies are limited regarding second/foreign language (L2) specific grit. Additionally, most approached it without disentangling the differential role of its two dimensions, and the context was restricted in traditional face-to-face language learning. It remains…

In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to take stock of student learning. Although the "crisis-context" (Gacs et al., 2020) move to fully online instruction may be over, a complete understanding of how student outcomes have been impacted remains. The present study focuses on how students' Spanish language proficiency, as…

This study investigates the impact of integrating the Production-Oriented Approach (POA) with mobile learning on learning outcomes, motivation, and satisfaction in the EFL context. The rationale is to improve learning effectiveness by integrating the POA's focus on real-world language use with the flexibility of mobile learning, addressing the…

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of mobile applications in conjunction with the students' online collaboration in the educational environment of Chinese colleges (the context of learning English). The students were selected from all those who study English in their educational programs. At the first stage, they passed a…

Digital divides mean that marginalized groups such as adults who speak English as a second or other language (ESOL) are less likely to have access to online instruction. Higher levels of English proficiency are associated with better health and employment; therefore, access to ESOL classes is essential. We investigated how sociodemographics and…

This article aimed to explore which factors caused Thai learners' anxiety in an online Chinese course provided by Chinese universities, how Chinese proficiency affected online learning anxiety, and how online learning anxiety influences learning engagement. The participants, i.e., learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL), completed the…

In the ever-changing digital era, the surge of online informal language learning platforms has revolutionized the way we learn new languages. This dissertation delves into the critical role of interactional feedback (IF) in synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC), a cornerstone for optimizing these digital learning spaces. Anchored in…

This study aimed to determine how teachers' online written corrective feedback (WCF) affected university students' self-regulation in writing and how the effects differed among students of different English proficiency levels. The participants were 27 second-year university students enrolled in a required online writing course. Throughout the…

With the advancement of mobile technology, mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) has significant potential regarding its practical applications and benefits in foreign language learning. Nevertheless, little research was conducted to examine factors regarding the facilitation of oral communication through MALL based on established theories or…

The COVID-19 pandemic altered the way the education was conducted around the globe. Educational shutdowns necessitated the need for virtual learning. Schools closed to in person learning in March of 2020 extending through the 2020-2021 school year. English language learners have a unique set of learning requirements. The correlational study was…

Digital reading facilitates L2 development by allowing anytime-anywhere learning with various digital resources. Although there has been increasing research exploring the role of digital reading on L2 vocabulary learning, synthesized evidence regarding the overall facilitating power of digital reading is still lacking. This meta-analysis…

The integration of technology-enhanced learning has significantly transformed educational practices, especially within DE contexts. Livestreaming, delivered through virtual platforms such as Microsoft Teams, has emerged as a crucial tool for enhancing student engagement, supporting language acquisition, and improving teacher training. This…

Workforce mobility and diversity are now the reality for many businesses, requiring employers to facilitate their employees' acquisition of foreign languages (FLs). Developing communicative competencies in an FL is necessary to fulfill the demands of an international workplace. Increasingly, companies have done so with the support of commercial…

This paper describes a Capability Approach analysis of the capabilities, functionings, and conversion factors reported by learners on workplace-based mobile language learning courses. The study used secondary data from student satisfaction surveys from 556 learners who were all recent migrants to the US and who were using the courses to study…

The development of new forms of technology has resulted in new methodologies and approaches in pedagogical practices, particularly within the field of foreign language education. This is especially useful in foreign language teaching because it allows students geographically distant to interact remotely. Moreover, the integration of task-based and…