Instructional strategies employing complex problem-solving examine how learners represent the problem space and argue for decisions. Unlike problems with few solutions (e.g., multiple choices), instructors struggle to evaluate solutions to ill-structured problems quickly and consistently across students. This prevents instructors to provide timely…

Because of the lack of tools available to assess problem-solving skills, teachers often revert to more traditional instructional approaches (e.g. lecture-based, memorization) that fail to prepare learners for the complexity of dynamic work environments. To overcome this challenge, technology solutions are needed that accurately and efficiently…

In the field of mathematic problem-solving, students are often assigned well-structured problems that have specific "right" answers. However, this misses an important aspect of education, which is to allow the learner to investigate the problem-space of authentic problems. To date, various technology scaffolds have been researched to…