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Using N-Level Structural Equation Models for Causal Modeling in Fully Nested, Partially Nested, and Cross-Classified Randomized Controlled Trials
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Petscher, Yaacov; Schatschneider, Christopher – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2019
Complex data structures are ubiquitous in psychological research, especially in educational settings. In the context of randomized controlled trials, students are nested in classrooms but may be cross-classified by other units, such as small groups. Furthermore, in many cases only some students may be nested within a unit while other students may…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Causal Models, Randomized Controlled Trials, Hierarchical Linear Modeling