Cuban education under the direction of the State guarantees education for all. This allows achieving equality and full social justice in order to train men and women capable of facing contextual demands, within a social model that aspires to form their citizenship in corresponding to the historical tradition and contemporary demands within a global system. This educational process takes place within difficult economic conditions and a complex international scenario, which affects the Nation in a particular way because it is a developing country. In this work, an evaluative analysis of Cuban educational policy in its development in the last six decades is carried out with the purpose of demonstrating its distinctive features consolidated in the historical evolution of an educational system that maintains its development in complex economic situations and improvement based on the changing demands of society. This analysis considers both the national and global levels, science, technology and the references of pedagogical sciences, without renouncing the purpose of guaranteeing by the State a free, inclusive and quality education for all its citizens throughout life. [For the complete volume, "World Education Patterns in the Global South: The Ebb of Global Forces and the Flow of Contextual Imperatives. International Perspectives on Education and Society. Volume 43B," see ED674982.]