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Freeney, Yseult; O'Connell, Michael – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
Beyond cognitive ability and family background, are there other significant determinants of educational attainment? From research in psychology, economics, education and criminology, one powerful influence is the ability to delay gratification, operationalised in this paper as "delay-discounting". It is intuitively plausible that the…
Descriptors: Delay of Gratification, Family Characteristics, Educational Attainment, Multivariate Analysis
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Chiu, Ming Ming; Chow, Bonnie Wing Yin – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
This study examined how cultural values and family cultural capital were linked to adolescents' motivation and reading achievement using multilevel analyses on reading tests and questionnaire responses of 193,841 fifteen-year-olds in 41 countries. In countries that valued more rigid gender roles, girls had lower reading achievement than girls in…
Descriptors: Incentives, Reading Achievement, Reading Tests, Student Motivation
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Frederickson, Norah; Petrides, K. V. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2008
This study examined gender, socio-economic (SES), and ethnic group differences in academic performance (measured at 14 and 16 years) in a sample of 517 British pupils (mean age = 16.5 years). White pupils outperformed their Black and Pakistani counterparts and high SES pupils consistently outperformed their low SES counterparts. Results from two…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Ethnic Groups, Academic Achievement, Intelligence Quotient