General systems theory is a set of related definitions, assumptions, and propositions which deal with reality as an integrated hierarchy of organizations of matter and energy. In this paper, the author defines the concepts of space, time, matter, energy, and information in terms of their meaning in general systems theory. He defines a system as a…

This paper considers the problem of planning in higher education from several different points of view. First, educational planning as it relates to problems at the national level is discussed. This includes the question of a national educational policy, projections of the demand for higher education, the financing of higher education, politics…

Systems analysis and educational technology are powerful concepts, but to date their application to educational systems has been limited. The overall function of the systems analyst has yet to be defined and no operational or theoretical base has been created to support a technology of education or to justify its integration into school…

The use of systems analysis in transforming a graduate program in educational technology from a lecture-based system to a self-instructional one is described. Several operational research techniques are illustrated. A bibliography of 10 items is included. (CHC)

Many developing countries face severe problems in their education systems, and their search for solutions to these problems is conducted with great urgency. An important area where possible solutions are being examined is educational technology. This paper examines five questions which are important to its use in developing countries: (a) what are…

The system approach to planning and managing educational change features the use of an adaptive framework and a strategy for planned system change. The approach focuses management attention upon (1) relevant future states of expectations or goals, (2) present and future state variables and contexts, (3) human organization factors, and (4)…

The system approach to planning and managing educational change features the use of an adaptive framework and a strategy for planned system change. The approach focuses management attention upon (1) relevant future states of expectation or goals, (2) present and future state variables and contexts, (3) human organization factors, and (4)…

This volume contains a number of articles which examine the crisis in urban education from a scientific, technological, and "total systems" frame of reference, and propose new strategies for making schools more effective and cities more livable. Urban education is viewed within the context of a total urban community system. Management, planning,…

Sterling M. McMurrin, Chairman of the Commission on Instructional Technology, introduces this volume with a description of the Commission's work to date and a discussion of the relationship of technology to education. The following 91 papers comprise the remainder of the state-of-the-art papers submitted as working papers to the Commission. For…