Teachers should organize their instructional programs on objectives that relate to student and teacher understandings, attitudes, and appreciation rather than on objectives that emphasize performance or competencies. Studies to identify differences in schools achieving lower than expected results on state tests of basic skills indicate three…

Discussion of course structure in active learning at the college level looks at ways level and type of structure can be varied and manipulated to meet challenges presented by a diverse student body. Issues discussed include the relationship of structure to cognitive style and development, fitting structure to content and objectives, and what can…

The question of why adult learners prefer particular course design patterns was studied. During fall 1981, 281 adult continuing professional education students at Cleveland State University and at several U.S. military bases in West Germany and Italy were studied. The research was based on two previous studies: one tested hypotheses generated from…

An approach to writing in a college-level English as a second language (ESL) course is based on recent emphasis in research on the processes involved and strategies used in the various areas of human endeavor. Recent research in writing has indicated that effective and unfrustrated writers carry out the writing task in ways that are very different…